18 th century is about human reason 19 th century is about emotion

Romantic Movement  Swept across Europe during the first half of the nineteenth century  Influenced religion, art, music, and philosophy  Inspired a desire for freedom of thought, feeling, and action. Emotion.

Characteristics  The Enlightenment stressed reason as a way to understand nature.  Romantics rejected reason, and instead stressed emotion, intuition, and subjective feelings.

Characteristics: a different past  Neoclassical artists from the late 18 th century looked to Greece and Rome for models of order and clarity.  Romantics looked to the medieval period for models of chivalrous heroes, miraculous events, and unsolved mysteries.

Characteristics: view of nature  Enlightened thinkers relied on the scientific method to study and understand nature.  Romantics preferred to contemplate the beauty of nature. They were inspired by flowing rivers, great storms, and majestic mountains.

Characteristics: religion  Romantics believed in a loving, personal God. They stressed emotions, inner faith, and religious inspiration.  Embraced the wonders and mysteries of nature a a way to feel the presence of God.

Characteristics  Explored power of dreams and the subconscious  New vision of nature

Concerns of Romanticism  Romantic artists were concerned about themselves – Emotions – Reactions to their world – Own individuality

Political views of Romanticism  Many of the themes & works supported nationalism  Conservative in nature because the artists distrusted human reason

“Spirit of the Age” Romantic Authors

 Wordsworth: poetry  Mary Shelley: Frankenstein  Sir Walter Scott: Ivanhoe  Victor Hugo: Hunchback of Notre Dame  Alexandre Dumas: Three Musketeers  Goethe: Faust  Brothers Grimm: Grimm’s Fairy Tales

Emotion in Romantic Painting

Francisco Goya: The Third of May 1808

Theodore Gericult: Raft of the Medusa

Eugene Delacroix: Liberty Leading the People

Caspar Friedrich: Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog

John Constable: The Hay Wain

J.M.W. Turner: The Slave Ship

Romantic Music  Music, like painting could release emotion  Built on traditions of 18 th century masters

Ludwig van Beethoven ( )  Very dramatic composer  Often knocked down candles during performance  Music helped popularize the piano  Enjoyed wealth and fame (unlike Mozart)

Beethoven  His music searched for unity and peace.  His work addressed heroism, struggle, nature, and personal expression.

Chopin- Poland  Most famous composers of early 19 th century  Dreamy, brooding, melancholic, and fiery  Performed in upper- class drawing rooms

Other Composers  Brahms: Germany  Wagner: Germany  Liszt: Hungary  Verdi: Italy  Strauss: Austria  Bizet: France  Tchaikovsky: Russia

The middle class  Loved classical music  Attended by musically educated listeners  Private concerts took place in middle class homes  Piano playing became common  Children received music lessons