Unit 1 Review: Matter

Essential Vocabulary Terms You need to know: Matter Mass Weight Volume Water Displacement Independent Variable Dependent Variable Constants Control Group Accurate

What is Matter? Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Everything you see around you, from the pen in your hand to the floor beneath your feet is matter. They all take up space and have mass.

Mass So we now know that matter is anything that ________________ and has ___________. But what is mass? Mass is the amount of matter in an object It’s a measure of how much “stuff” is in an object. Mass never changes, your mass is the same whether you are here in Miami or on the moon.

Mass vs. Weight Weight is different than mass. Weight depends on the force of gravity. If you were to go to the moon, your weight would be a lot less! That’s because there is less gravity on the Moon. Weight depends on gravity but mass does not!

Mass vs. Weight Mass stays the same whether you are on the moon, the sun, or the earth, but weight changes depending on the gravitational force of a location. Mass is measured using a triple beam balance or digital balance while weight is measured with a scale. Mass is measured in grams while weight is measured in Neutons.

So what’s the difference?

SAMPLE FCAT QUESTION 1. On Earth, Johanna weighs 100 lbs. She calculated what her weight would be at several other locations in the solar system. The results are shown in the table below. Which of the following statements is best supported by the information in the table? A. Venus has more gravitational force than Earth. B. Mars has less gravitational force than the Moon. C. Earth has four times the gravitational force of Mars. D. Jupiter has more than twice the gravitational force of Earth. Location in Solar System Weight (lbs.) Venus90 Earth100 Moon16 Mars40 Jupiter260

Volume Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. Having more volume does not always mean it will have more mass. Think of a bowling ball and a beach ball. Which one has more mass? Which one has more volume?

Measuring Volume Volume is the amount of space an object takes up and its units are cm3 for a solid and mL for a liquid. You can measure the volume of a cube by multiplying length x width x height. 5cm What’s the volume of this cube?

Volume Okay, so what if an object is not a cube? What if its an irregular shape? How do we get the volume? We can calculate the volume of an irregular object by water displacement. Imagine you are about to get into a tub filled with water, when you get in, what happens? The water level rises, it might even spill, and we can calculate your volume by how much the water rises!

Volume You can calculate the volume of an irregular object using a graduated cylinder. meniscus

Water Displacement Method 1. Find volume of water without object 2. Find volume of water + object 3. Subtract the difference

Water Displacement Practice What is the volume of the sea horse?

Water Displacement Practice What is the volume?

Thinking like Scientists! We are scientists and we use the scientific method day to day without even thinking about it! The scientific method is a process scientists use to answer questions about the world around us. The steps to the scientific method are: Observe and State the Problem Make a Hypothesis Test your hypothesis Record and Analyze Data Draw Conclusions and Communicate Results

Variables A variable is anything that can change in an experiment. A good experiment holds all variables constant except the independent variable. An independent variable is the variable we change in an experiment, the cause. A dependent variable is the variable we measure in an experiment, the effect. Lets Practice! I want to test if brushing my hair will make it grow longer. IV?DV?

Variables Practice Identify the IV and DV 1. The higher the cook puts the temperature on the stove, the faster the egg will cook. 2. The time it takes to run a mile depends on the amount of exercise a person gets. 3. Lemon trees will produce larger lemons if the gardener waters them every day. 4. The oceanographer measured the temperature of water at different depths of the lake. 5. A scientist feeds five groups of rats identical diets, except each group gets a different amount of Vitamin A. After three weeks on the diet, the rats that were given the most amount of Vitamin A gained the most weight.

Accuracy What’s the point of… … recording data? …having precise procedures? …communicating results?

Accuracy As scientists, we like to show off! Make sure your data is accurate so that you can draw conclusions and so that other scientists can replicate your experiment. Also, doing an experiment just once is never enough!

Unit 1: Matter Recap We are surrounded by matter, we can tell matter apart by measuring it! Mass: Weight: Volume Water displacement: