The “stuff” of life. Organic Molecules What do they have in common?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Do Now Sit down and start to fill out the vocabulary organizer with any words that you know. This will be for homework.

Advertisements

Biological Molecules Polymers & Monomers. Hydrogen Bonds.

Pp  A carbon atom has 4 electrons available for bonding in its outer energy level.  To become stable, a carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds.

Starter What are the differences between a dehydration and hydrolysis reaction? What are the properties that make water so important? What are the 4 major.

Intro to Organic Chemistry Study of molecules with carbon- carbon bonds.

Biochemistry Chapter 6.  The element carbon is a component of almost all biological (organic) molecules.

Biological Macromolecules – Polymers (The Importance of Carbon)

1. Monomer 2. Polymer 3. Carbohydrate 4. Lipid 5. Nucleic acid 6. protein.

Objective: To discuss the unique properties of carbon

VOCAB #17. Lipid Building blocks of lipids are: Glycerol + 3 fatty acids = triglyceride (lipid) Lipids are used as stored energy. Fats and oils.

Biochemistry Word Wall. Biomolecules An organic molecule produced by living organisms and made mostly of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

CARBON COMPOUNDS The Chemistry of Life. OBJECTIVES Define organic compound and name three elements often found in organic compounds. Explain why Carbon.

Pages 34 to 36.  Can form 4 covalent bonds  Can form rings or long chains – allowing for complex structures.

But what’s so special about Carbon? Carbon has 4 valence electrons Can readily form and break bonds Forms long chains Can form single, double, and triple.

$600 $400 $200 $600 $200 $400 $200 $400 $600 $200 $400 $600 $200 $800 $1000 $800 $1000 $800 $1000 $800 $1000 $800 $1000 $400 $600 Organic Molecules Proteins.

Biochemistry Introduction REVIEW. Organic chemistry  A. Molecules with carbon backbone  B. Molecules grown without fertilizer or pesticides  C. Molecules.

Warm-up: What is organic? Please put this in your notes. CO 2 Water C 2 H 6 C 6 H 12 O 6 Oxygen gas Oak Tree Nitrates in soil.

Activity #6: Organic Molecules

1 Macromolecules Chapter Organic Compounds Compounds organicCompounds that contain _________ are called organic. Derived from _________________.

Regents Biology The Chemistry of Life What are living creatures made of? Why do we have to eat?

Carbon Compounds Chapter 2 Section 3 Part 1. Objectives  Describe the unique qualities of carbon  Describe the structures and functions of each of the.

The Chemistry of Life What are living creatures made of? Why do we have to eat?

6.3 Life Substances Molecules of Life. Role of Carbon in Organisms Carbon has four electrons in outer energy level Four covalent bonds fill energy level.

CARBON COMPOUNDS Section 2-3. THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON Organic Chemistry The study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms Carbon 4 valence.

Biochemistry of Cells &feature=iv&src_vid=nt9u7CfVoc4&v=4dbkAGcQ8mM.

Learning Target: Carbon-Based Molecules Ch. 2.3 (pp. 44 – 48)

Organic Macromolecules. Organic Contains carbon and hydrogen atoms together Example: –CH 4 :methane –CO 2 :carbon dioxide –C 6 H 12 O 6 : sugar –H 2 O:water.

3.1 - Carbon Compounds Pages Standards Distinguish among the structure and function of the four major organic macromolecules found in living things.

1 Macromolecules –Are large molecules composed of a large number of repeated subunits –Are complex in their structures Figure 5.1.

Keystone Review Biochemistry Water pH. Carbon Carbon can form lots of bonds (and shapes) because it has four electrons in its outer energy level.

Chemistry of Carbon. What does it mean to be organic at the grocery store? Produced 100% naturally with no pesticides or other man-made chemicals.

Lecture Presentations by Carol R. Anderson Westwood College, River Oaks Campus © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. BIOLOGY Life on Earth WITH PHYSIOLOGY Tenth.

Carbon Compounds Chapter 2, Section 3 pp

What is a macromolecule? There are four main types of biological molecules called macromolecules. The four types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids,

Carbon Chemistry Chapter 8. Essential Questions What are the 3 different arrangements of carbon? What are the 3 different arrangements of carbon? What.

Carbon Chemistry Chapter 8. Organic Compounds Organic compounds are compounds composed of carbon based molecules. examples: sugar, starch, fuels, synthetic.

Carbon Compounds Chapter 2, Section 3 pp

Large carbon based molecules!. Has 4 valence e- Can form 4 covalent bonds Form long chains Form ring structures.

Atoms Make Up Molecules

Molecules that contain carbon

CH 3 Biochemistry.

2.1 Molecules to metabolism

Organic Molecules The “stuff” of life.

Biochemistry Notes pt. 3.

Carbon Based Molecules

Biochemistry Ms Caldarola.

Carbon Compounds Chapter 4, Section 4 pp

Organic Molecules Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids $200

Organic Molecules Category Building blocks of the cell (monomer)

Macromolecules copyright cmassengale.

Biological Molecules.

Unit 2 Biochemistry 2.4 Macromolecules.

Organic Molecules Section 3.1.

Biomolecules Molecules of life.

Organic Molecules: Carbon Compounds

Biological Molecules Carbon Compounds.

3.2 Introduction to Organic Molecules

What are living creatures made of? Why do we have to eat?

- Carbon Compounds 2:3.

Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.

Biomolecules Molecules of Life.

Carbon Compounds.

Organic Compounds Carbon Macromolecules

The Chemistry of Carbon

Organic Molecules The “stuff” of life.

Organic Compounds (molecules that contain Carbon) AKA Carbon Macromolecules Chapter 2-3.

- Carbon Compounds 2:3.

The molecules that form life.

Presentation transcript:

The “stuff” of life

Organic Molecules What do they have in common?

Living Organisms Are Chemical Factories All life is based on organic molecules - molecules that are built on a backbone of CARBON. - also contain Hydrogen - and many also have Oxygen - often contain functional groups – smaller molecules which are part of a larger molecule and give it unique properties

Why are Organic Molecules based on Carbon? Carbon has unique properties - carbon is abundant – there’s lots of it - can bond with up to 4 other atoms - can bond readily with itself and other elements - makes chains with different shapes - shape determines function - forms bonds with different strengths

Carbon can bond with up to four other atoms Carbon has 4 valence electrons Allows it to bond with 4 other atoms

Carbon Bonds Readily with Itself This allows carbon to be the backbone of large and complex molecules. C C C C C C C C C C C Carbon bonds readily with other elements - in living things: Sulfur, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Nitrogen, & Hydrogen (SPONCH)

Carbon Bonds to Build a Variety of Shapes Straight chains Branched chains Rings

Carbon Forms Bonds of Different Strengths Single Bonds Double Bonds Triple Bonds

Biomolecules are Macro(big)molecules All biological molecules (biomolecules) are large complex molecules – made of chains of smaller molecules 4 Types of biomolecules - Carbohydrates – sugars and starches - Lipids – fats and oils - Proteins - Nucleic Acids – DNA, RNA, ATP, ADP

Biomolecules are Polymers Polymer –(poly = many mer = part) -Large molecules made of smaller molecules called monomers (mono = one mer = part) Polymer Each type of biomolecule has its own monomer Biomolecule Monomer_________ CarbohydrateMonosaccharide LipidFatty Acid and Glycerol ProteinAmino Acid Nucleic AcidNucleotide

Condensation Reactions Condensation Reaction – Reaction which joins monomers together to form a polymer - called condensation reaction because a molecule of water is removed from the polymers during the reaction. - also called dehydration synthesis

Condensation Reaction

Hydrolysis Breaks Apart Polymers Hydrolysis – reactions which break the bonds between monomers in a polymer. Called hydrolysis because water is added at each broken bond

Hydrolysis

What should you know? Organic molecule Characteristics of carbon Biomolecule Macromolecule 4 types of biomolecules Monomer Monomers of each type of biomolecule Polymer Condensation reaction Hydrolysis