Foundations of Silicon Valley James C. Williams Emeritus Professor, De Anza College.

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Presentation transcript:

Foundations of Silicon Valley James C. Williams Emeritus Professor, De Anza College

Colonial California and the origins of the Bay Area’s electronics industry California electric power * absence of coal * hydraulic engineering * development of hydroelectricity and long-distance, high-tension power transmission

Technical organizations Technical Society of the Pacific Coast (1884) Pacific Coast Electric Transmission Association (1897) The Journal of Electricity (1895) A regional community of professional discourse

Education in Electricity A. Van der Naillen's School of Practical Engineering and Heald's College (1890) University of California and Clarence L. Cory (1892) Stanford University (1891) hired Albert P. Carmen, Princeton (1892)

Frederic Auten Combs Perrine ( ) Hired by Stanford in 1893 to teach electrical engineering, staying until 1900 Edited The Journal of Electricity and Electrical Engineering ( )

Chief Engineer, Standard Electric Power Company ( ) President, Stanley Electrical Mfg. Company, Massachusetts ( ) Electra Powerhouse, 1899

Harris J. Ryan ( ) In 1905, Perrine in finally replaced by Ryan, the east coast’s best known researcher in electric transmission

Ryan continues Perrine's close ties to power companies Brings high voltage labs to Stanford

By 1914, California led the world in long-distance, high-tension transmission systems and maintained that leadership well into the 1920s

Frank George Baum ( ) E.E. degree from Stanford, 1899 Took over for Perrine and ran the EE program from Transmission and hydro chief at PG&E until 1923

Patented “constant potential electric transmission system” In 1922, oversaw construction of the first 220,000 volt transmission line National Superpower proposed in Atlas of the U.S.A. Electric Power Industry (1923)

Wireless in the Bay Area San Francisco Bay navigation hazards – fog and the Golden Gate Guglielmo Marconi invents the wireless in 1897

Cyril F. Elwell ( ) Ryan student at Stanford, 1907 Works on wireless of Francis McCarty Demonstrates it in Palo Alto in 1908

Elwell wires Vladimir Poulsen ( ) in Copenhagen Elwell buys Poulsen wireless rights David Starr Jordon, Charles D. Marx and John Casper Branner provide capital Demonstrations attract San Francisco investors

Federal Telegraph Co. locates in Palo Alto in 1911 Elwell organizes a radio research team headed by Lee de Forest ( )

Communities of interest Federal Telegraph Co.’s spin-offs The Radio Research Team L-R: Douglas Perham Peter V. Jensen F. Albertus

Commercial Wireless Development Co (1910) became Magnovox Fisher Research Labs (metal detectors and navigation aids) Litton Engineering Laboratories (vacuum tubes and tube production equipment) Pridhim and Jensen

Other Bay Area companies Heintz and Kaufman (shortwave radio communications) Eitel and McCullough (radio tubes) … a spin-off from Heintz and Kaufman Philo Farnsworth (television)

Conclusion Geographic and economic conditions Communities of technical interest University and industry cooperation Regional capital and investment Electric power development Radio communications