Theme: Multimedia Sound ProductionUFCFY Studio Equipment for Multimedia Sound Production

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Studio Production Equipment Microphones Monitor Speakers Headphones Audio Mixing Devices Studio Facility and Acoustic Material

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones Types: Dynamic or Condenser Omni-directional Uni-directional

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones: Dynamic Two examples of dynamic microphones manufactured by Shure

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Dynamic Microphones Versatile and ideal for general-purpose use. Use a simple design with few moving parts. Sturdy and resilient to rough handling. Better suited to handling high volume levels, such as from certain musical instruments or amplifiers. No internal amplifier and do not require batteries or external power.

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones: Condenser Example of a condenser microphone manufactured by Behringer

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Condenser Microphones Condenser microphones require power from a battery or external source (Phantom Power). Audio signal is stronger signal than that from a dynamic. More sensitive and responsive than dynamics Good for capturing subtle nuances in a sound Typically used for recording vocals in a studio setting

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Condenser microphone shown in anti-vibration cradle

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones: Pop Filter Pop filters reduce the effect of vocals which produce breathe sounds from some words as ‘ pops ’ into the microphone

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones: Pop Filter

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Microphones: Directional OmniCardioidHypercardioid Bi Some microphones provide for adjustable directional qualities - e.g. video cameras

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Monitor Speakers

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Monitors Speakers and Connectivity

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Genolec Monitor Speakers

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Monitor Speakers Room acoustics very important Reference or ‘monitor’ speakers - tell it like it is’ i.e. give no coloration from hardware eq. Speakers ar either ‘nearfield’ or ‘farfieild’ Nearfield are designed to sit near the listener at ear level or slightly above allowing listening without too much additional room sound Farfield speakers are much bigger and more powerful speakers designed to be driven at higher volumes and to sit some way or behind the mixing desk. Headphones - can be accurate way to monitor sound quality - but speakers considered best sound monitoring device

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Headphones

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Monitor Headphones (closed-back) Closed-back design gives much less ambience to wearer and thus more acoustic isolation. Typically heavier than open-back design.

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Monitor Headphones (open- back) Open-back design gives sense of external ambience to wearer and less acoustic isolation. Typically lighter than open-back design. Not recommended for voice-over recordings as headphone audio may ‘spill’ into microphone vocal recording.

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Audio Mixers

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Audio Mixer

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Audio Mixer Top View

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Audio Mixer has several identical Channel strips

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Mixer Channel Strip - Inputs and Various Controls XLR e.g Microphone Line e.g Guitar Auxiliary e.g Hardware Effects Unit Inputs Sensitivity (Gain) Adjustment Equalization i.e. Bass Midrange Treble Effects Available on Mixer Channel Groups, Mute and Solo switches Volume

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Combination of Studio Audio Equipment

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Typical Studio Layout Live RoomControl Room DAW Mixing Desk Monitors Performance Area e.g. instruments and digital devices e.g synthesizers

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Vocal Recording Live RoomControl Room DAW Mixing Desk Monitors Vocal Booth

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Acoustic Considerations The acoustic characteristics of a room can be detrimental to recording quality. Acoustic panels are used to absorb standing waves and other echoes. Standing waves are created between two parallel facing walls. There will be a set of frequencies that are reinforced by the distance between the walls causing pressure fronts to accumulate. Absorption material has a dispersive affect on the sound wave - the materials surface would be angular - as show in picture at the top right. Surface reflections

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Typical Studio Equipment Computer and DAW Audio Interface (if required) Mixing Desk Microphones and related accessories Monitor Speakers of a particular Type Acoustic Considerations - absorption and dispersion material Instruments e.g. keyboard / piano

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY References Microphones: Speakers: Headphones: Audio Mixers: MIDI Keyboards and Audio Interfaces

Theme: Multimedia Sound ProductionUFCFY Multimedia Sound Production and Copyright

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Agenda Overview of Copyright Digital Rights Management Vicarious Liability References and Sources of Guidance for Practitioners

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Overview of Copyright Copyright is the set of exclusive rights granted to the author or creator of an original work, including the right to copy, distribute and adapt the work Intellectual Rights (own the original idea to the work - this term includes patents and trademarks) Mechanical Rights ( right to reproduce the work on CD or other medium for distribution to others) Publishing Rights ( right to publish the work as a hard copy manuscript or electronic document) Performance Rights (right to perform the work in a public setting) Sample Rights (right to use audio samples of the work used in another production) Moral Rights The right not to be defamed with any pejorative use or association of the work

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Copyright Agencies (UK) Performing Rights Society for Music (PRS for Music) Money is due to PRS for Music for any public performance of music, whether live or recorded, and from radio and television broadcasts and online. Mechanical Copyright Protection Society MCPS generates money through licence fees from the recording of PRS members music on many different formats, including CDs and DVDs. Now joined with original PRS as PRS for Music PRS for Music now the unified agency Original Performing Rights Society and Mechanical Copyright Protection Society still exist as legal entities European and International agencies also exist

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Digital Rights Management Digital Rights Management (DRM) is a broad term that refers to any scheme that controls access to copyrighted material using technological means. DRM attempts to remove usage control from the person in possession of digital content by limiting control of duplication and deployment via computer software. DRM software can be encoded in songs and media players to restrict the distribution of media limiting the number of machines authorized to play the content. Apple iTunes originally used a DRM software technology called FairPlay but decided to abandon DRM in January Several technologies to counter DRM have been developed

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY Vicarious Liability Vicarious liability is a legal term which describes the copyright liabilities of an employer in respect oh their employees conduct during the pursuit of the business activities. Generally, if an employee infringes copyright in the pursuit of their employer's business the employer is liable for the infringement.

Theme : Multimedia Sound ProductionMultimedia Studio UFCFY References and Guides Sources for Guidance on Copyright and Associated Legislation PRS for Music Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) JISC Digital Media right-an-overview/