Course Overview Syllabus Schedule of Topics Topic Pages –Reading Assignments –Discussion Questions –Additional Sources Exams – 100 points each Quizzes - points Research 100 points

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Biological Psychology by Breedlove & Watson

Table of Contents 1. Biological Psychology: Scope and OutlookScope and Outlook 2. Functional Neuroanatomy: The Nervous System and BehaviorNeuroanatomy 3. Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals 4. The Chemical Bases of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology Neuropharmacology 5. Hormones and the Brain 6. Evolution of Brain and Behavior 7. Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior 8. General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain 9. Hearing, Vestibular Perception, Taste, and Smell 10. Vision: From Eye to BrainFrom Eye to Brain 11. Motor Control and Plasticity 12. Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases 13. Homeostasis: Active Regulation of Internal States 14. Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and DreamingSleep 15. Emotions, Aggression, and Stress 16. Psychopathology: Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders 17. Learning and MemoryLearning and Memory 18. Attention and Higher CognitionAttention and Higher Cognition 19. Language and Hemispheric AsymmetryLanguage

Myths about the brain Common aspect of popular culture –“People ordinarily use only 10% of their brain” Lucy TRAILER 1 (2014) 7 Myths About The Brain You Thought Were True7 Myths About The Brain You Thought Were True

What is Biological Psychology? The branch of psychology that is concerned with the biological bases of psychological processes. Biological psychology refers to the study of how physical conditions of the human body affect an individual's subjective experience. Biological psychology is the field that relates behavior to bodily processes, especially the workings of the brain.

Figure 1.2 What’s in a Name? Sociology Social Psychology SocialCognitive Neuroscience

Figure 1.1 Your Brain by the Numbers

Three Main Approaches to Studying the Neuroscience of Behavior Somatic intervention—alteration of a structure or function to see how behavior is altered An independent variable is the factor that is being manipulated. A dependent variable is what is measured in response to changes in the independent variable.

Three Main Approaches to Studying the Neuroscience of Behavior Behavioral intervention—intervention in a behavior to see how structure or function is altered Behavior is then the independent variable and body changes are dependent variables.

Three Main Approaches to Studying the Neuroscience of Behavior Correlation measures how much a body measure varies with a behavioral measure—but correlation does not imply causation. Biological psychology considers all three of these approaches.

Three Main Approaches to Studying the Neuroscience of Behavior

What is Biological Psychology? Biological Psychology tries to explain behaviour in terms of: PHYSIOLOGY: How does a particular behaviour relate to functioning of the brain and other organs? What are the cellular, chemical and hormonal influences on behaviour? DEVELOPMENT: How does a particular behaviour develop, i.e. by what combination of the influence of genes and the environment? EVOLUTION: How does a behaviour relate to the evolutionary history of the species? FUNCTION: Why has a particular behaviour evolved? What genetic/survival advantage might a particular behaviour give to an individual or a species? These types of explanations were originally put forward by Tinbergen in 1951 and are sometimes referred to as Tinbergen's 4 'whys‘. Tinbergen N: The Study of Instinct. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1951.

Randolph M. Nesse, Tinbergen's Four Questions Organized, For additional coverage see: Basic Theory of Human Sciences Basic Theory of Human Sciences PowerPoint by Gerhard Medicus Mapping Transdisciplinarity in Human Sciences by Gerhard Medicus

What is Biological Psychology? To understand the biological basis of behavior we need to consider the following five view points. 1. Description of behavior –a. Structural Description –b. Functional Description 2. Evolution of behavior 3. Development of behavior 4. Mechanisms of behavior 5. Applications of biopsychology to behavior

Table 1.1 Five Research Perspectives

Overview and color figures

Table 1.1 Five Research Perspectives Reading in the Brain How are letters on a page focused onto the retina during reading? How does reading change the way culture is shared? Why does part of the cortex have circuits for reading? How does reading experience change brain circuits? What are the circuits that that combine letters into word meaning? What are the best methods for learning to read?