Function/Structure Diseases/Disorders First Aid/Emergency Illness Skeletal System Function/Structure Diseases/Disorders First Aid/Emergency Illness

Function of the Skeletal System Framework that supports the body and protects vital organs. Providing movable levers which the muscles can pull to move different parts of the body. Bone marrow produces red and white blood cells Storehouse for minerals, calcium and phosphorous

Structure Information 206 Bones (Adult) Axial – 80 Appendicular – 126

Structure Cont. Types of Bones Types of Joints Ball & Socket Hinge Long production of red/white blood cells: humerus and femur Short wrist and ankles Flat protective: skull and ribs Irregular complex shape/protection: vertebrates Types of Joints Ball & Socket Hinge Pivot Condyloid Sliding/Gliding Saddle

Structure Cont.. Ligaments connective tissue that holds bone to bone Tendons connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone Cartilage strong flexible connective tissue; provides smooth movement and cushions joints

Diseases/Disorders Osteoporosis – condition following menopause, lack of calcium absorption Scoliosis/Lordosis/Kyphosis – abnormal curves of the vertebras Arthritis – swelling and stiffness in bone joints Bone Cancer – a secondary illness as a result of another cancer that has spread Gout – metabolic disorder where a build-up of uric acid Ricketts – vitamin D/calcium deficiency

First Aid & Emergency Illness Fractures Open/Compound Closed/Simple Dislocations Bone slips from normal position in joint Sprains Stretching or tearing of the ligaments in a joint

First Aid Response Fractures Call 911 – Seek medical treatment Immobilize area using a “splint” if trained If open, implement steps to control bleeding

First Aid Response Sprains P – Protection R – Rest I – Ice C – Compression E – Elevation

First Aid Response Dislocation Call 911 – seek medical treatment Use sling for shoulder injury Keep extremity close to body

General Care Calcium – eat foods with this to build strong bones; found in dairy and green leafy vegetables. Phosphorous – combines with calcium to make bones more rigid Resistance Exercise – increase bone density and muscle conditioning Cardiovascular – make heart pump more efficient

Other Systems Muscular Together allows body to move Lymphatic Production of white blood cells Circulatory Production of red blood cells and platelets