“Situación de los NAMAs en los Países del Asia y Pacífic” MIÉRCOLES, 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2011 IV SEMINARIO LATINOAMERICANO Y DEL CARIBE DE EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA Rajiv Garg Programme Officer, Climate Change Network, ROAP, Bangkok

Scaling up mitigation and incentives for financing From single measures to sector wide efforts Scale of Mitigation Adapted from : The use of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in the building sector; 2011 Perspectives GmbH

NAMAs Potential identification and prioritization Analysis of national context in terms of existing policies and programs and identificatio n of appropriate and possible actions and opportunitie s in the sector Analysis and review of current GHG mitigation potential of possible actions within the sector with regards to co-benefits Stakehold er consultatio ns to discuss and refine options Desk- review of studies/ regulatory text to draw out in detail the potential opportunitie s (as well as challenges) for NAMA supporting, e.g. MRV, financing requiremen ts, barriers Identificatio n of most promising options and selection for NAMA formulation Establishm ent of a priority list of mitigation measures / actions Selection of action or set of action for NAMA formulation Formulati on of a concrete NAMA concept for the sector in terms of general scope, detailed measures, MRV approach and type of NAMA Outreach to internation al donor agencies to seek support for NAMA Capacity building on low carbon business plans/NA MAs Adapted from : The use of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in the building sector; 2011 Perspectives GmbH

China : Views on NAMAs Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) by NA1 countries are coordinated with goals of sustainable development and poverty eradication; NAMAs by NA1 countries are distinct from mitigation commitments from A1 countries, in magnitude and legal nature as defined by BAP; Enhanced support from developed countries in new and additional financing, technology transfer and capacity building to enable enhanced actions by developing countries;

Autonomous Domestic Actions China will endeavor to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40 ‐ 45% by 2020 compared to the 2005 level; China will Increase the share of non ‐ fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15% by 2020; China will increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005 levels; These autonomous domestic mitigation actions are voluntary in nature and will be implemented in accordance with the principles and provisions of the UNFCCC

Actions & Achievements

Korea

Efforts to Support Mitigation Goal

GHG Emissions & Energy Target Management Scheme

Indian Mitigation Action: A Voluntary Action.. will endeavor to reduce emissions intensity of its GDP by 20 ‐ 25% by 2020 in comparison to the 2005 level.. (excludes agricultural emissions, which are not increasing).. As per this target, India’s non ‐ agricultural emissions are likely to be ~ 2.6 T/capita in 2020 (assuming 8% GDP growth), against the global energy emissions of 4.4 T/ capita (2005) and Annex ‐ I energy emissions of 12 T/ capita (2005).

Specific actions planned and underway Coal cess (3.2 $ PPP/ton ) from 2010 resulting in annual fund ~ $ 2 Billion (PPP) National Mission for Enhancing Energy Efficiency (NMEEE), with annual saving of 25 MT CO2 by Benefits and costs of some of the mitigation actions (NAMAs) are listed below. The incremental cost of these NAMAs should be supported by Annex ‐ I parties, depending on ambition of their own targets.

Indonesia Indonesia communicated that its voluntary NAMAs will reduce its GHG emissions by 26 per cent by Indonesia added that this reduction would be achieved through, inter alia: –(a) Sustainable peat land management; –(b) A reduction in the rate of deforestation and land degradation; –(c) The development of carbon sequestration projects in forestry and agriculture; –(d) The promotion of energy efficiency; –(e) The development of alternative and renewable energy sources; –(f) A reduction in solid and liquid waste; –(g) Shifting to low-emission modes of transport. Indonesia also communicated that its national action plan, aimed at achieving the aforementioned emissions reduction, would be equipped with a measurable, reportable and verifiable system in order to ensure that each action receives the necessary level of funding.

Bangladesh The power sector –Old plants may be replaced. –Improved and new technologies may be introduced –Due to shortage of natural gas as primary fuel, it is becoming necessary to rely more on coal. In this case, use of clean coal technology is needed for mitigation Transport –Inefficient vehicles and engines to be replaced –Mass transportation facilities may be expanded Agricultural sector –water-efficiency and energy efficiency to be improved Forestry –Afforestation, reforestation and forest management as sink Waste management

Residential/commercial –Efficient building design as well as more energy efficient devices and equipment for lighting and cooling –Efficient cooking stoves Industry –Modernization and rehabilitation of old machinery as for example: in urea fertilizer plants, sugar mills, power plants, cement factories and brick kilns Renewable –Use of more renewable energy: solar, wind –Efficient methods of generating renewable energy

AOSIS

Other Countries Afghanistan communicated that its NAMAs would include the preparation of its initial national communication, including its national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory. The Party added that specific mitigation strategies and activities appropriate to the national context would also form part of the initial national communication. Bhutan communicated that, with regard to NAMAs, it already sequesters more carbon than it emits, and that the country has declared its intention to ensure that its emissions do not exceed its sequestration capacity. Cambodia it has been implementing a pilot project within the framework of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD) since 2009, as part of its responsibility in tackling climate change. Tajikistan : preparation of a GHG inventory; improvement of energy-efficient technologies in buildings and constructions; Projects on capacity-building and technology transfer; development of low-carbon growth through the introduction of renewable energy sources.

Thank You Rajiv Garg Programme Officer, Climate Change Network