Global Citizenship and New Educational Agenda Gwang-Chol Chang Education Policy and Reform Unit UNESCO Bangkok Regional Consultative Meetings on SEA-BES and SEA-PLM Penang, Malaysia, November 4-5, 2014

Outline Growing interest in Global Citizenship Education (GCED) What is GCED and its core competencies? Monitoring and measuring Way forward

Growing interest in GCED Global citizenship and education in major world newspapers Source: Dill, J. S (2013). The longings and limits of global citizenship education, New York, NY:Routledge

Growing interest in GCED United Nations Secretary-General launched Global Education First Initiative (GEFI) – where GCED is one of the priorities Priorities Put every child in school Improve the quality of learning Foster global citizenship “Education must fully assume its central role in helping people to forge more just, peaceful, tolerant and inclusive societies. It must give people the understanding, skills and values they need to cooperate in resolving the interconnected challenges of the 21st Century”.

UNESCO Strategy for Education : 1.Develop education systems for quality and inclusive lifelong learning for all (LLL) Holistic approach to education and learning Planning for LLL, Literacy, TVET, higher education 2.Empower learners to be creative, responsible citizens Human rights, global citizenship, ESD, health 3.Shape the post-2015 education agenda Right to education New agenda for education development and cooperation 2030 Growing interest in GCED

Muscat AgreementOpen Working Group for SDGs Target 5: By 2030, all learners acquire knowledge, skills, values and attitudes to establish sustainable and peaceful societies, including through global citizenship education and education for sustainable development. Target 4.7: by 2030 ensure all learners acquire knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including among others through education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship, and appreciation of cultural diversity and of culture’s contribution to sustainable development Growing interest in GCED

The Four Pillars of Learning What is GCED? GCED originates from a long tradition of work in the areas of Peace Education, Human Rights Education, Education for a Culture of Peace, and intercultural education… (2014 APREC report)

Discourses of National Education Policy Reform What is GCED? Economic discourse Social discourse Humanity discourse Global perspective CompetitivenessUnderstanding and peace Global citizenship National perspective GDP growthHDI growthPatriotism Personal perspective EmployabilityCommunity/ harmony Moral formation Source: UNESCO ERI-Net 2013

What is GCED? DomainsExamples of key skills and competencies Critical and innovative thinking Creativity, entrepreneurship, resourcefulness, application skills, reflective thinking, reasoned decision-making Inter-personal skills Communication skills, organizational skills, teamwork, collaboration, sociability, collegiality, empathy, compassion Intra-personal skills Self-discipline, ability to learn independently, flexibility and adaptability, self-awareness, perseverance, self-motivation, compassion, integrity, risk-taking, self-respect Global citizenship (or global competence?) Awareness, tolerance, openness, responsibility, respect for diversity, ethical understanding, intercultural understanding, ability to resolve conflicts, democratic participation, conflict resolution, respect for the environment, sense of belonging Media and information literacy Ability to locate and access information through ICT, media, libraries and archives, express and communicate ideas through ICT, use media and ICT to participate in democratic processes, ability to analyse and evaluate media content. UNESCO (Bangkok) Framework for Transversal Competencies Source: UNESCO ERI-Net 2013

What is GCED? Learning to Live Together (LTLT) Analytical Framework Source: LTLT in the Asia-Pacific 2013

6 Competences of the Korean Collegiate Essential Skills Assessment (K-CESA) Interpersonal & Cooperative skills) Communication Global competency Resources-Information-Technology Processing & Application Higher-Order Thinking Skills Self-Management What is GCED? 1.Flexible attitude for difference and diversity 2.Knowledge of the different culture and society 3.Knowledge of global economy and globalization

Asia Society: Definition of Global Competence Global competence is the capacity and disposition to understand and act on issues of global significance. What is GCED?

Asia Society: Definition of Global Competence Investigate the World Students investigate the world beyond their immediate environment. Recognize Perspectives Students recognize their own and others’ perspectives. Take Action Students translate their ideas into appropriate actions to improve conditions. Communicate Ideas Students communicate their ideas effectively with diverse audiences.

UNESCO Meetings on GCED Seoul Technical Consultation on GCE (9-10 September 2013, Seoul, Republic of Korea) Brought together experts from across the world to deepen understanding of GCE through examining the status and major trends in GCE across the world. UNESCO Forum on GCE in Bangkok (2-4 December 2013 – Bangkok, Thailand) Share experiences of trends in research, policy and practice. Advance conceptual thinking, content, definitional and measurement issues in providing quality GCE. Provide a platform for debate among a range of stakeholders. 2nd UNESCO Forum on Global Citizenship Education, January Preparing for post-2015: Building peaceful and sustainable societies focus on future policy directions at the global level, country implementation and expanding partnerships. considering current trends and future needs in the area of GCE seeking to identify policy priorities and strategies for the operationalization of GCE as well as provide inputs to the Framework for Action on Education post-2015.

Two meetings in June 2014 at UNESCO Paris: Expert Advisory Group Review Meeting on GCE Guiding Framework: Topics and Leaning Objectives by Age To identify and define learning objectives and topics to build a framework for curriculum design Meeting of the GCE and ESD Measurement Ad- Hoc Team To define the learning outcomes as a result of GCE and ESD, the measurability of GCE and ESD as well as priorities for their assessment. UNESCO Meetings on GCED

What is GCED? Report of Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference (APREC), Aug 2014: There is no single definition of GCED. GCED is notably recognized as a key dimension for dealing with both the opportunities and challenges of globalization. GCED is currently understood as education that aims to equip learners of all ages with those values, knowledge and skills that are based on, and instill respect for, human rights, social justice, diversity, gender equality and environmental sustainability and that empower learners to be responsible global citizens. Source: UNESCO Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference. Final Report “Envisioning Education Beyond 2015: Asia-Pacific Regional Perspectives”

What is GCED? Five core interconnected dimensions used in the draft GCE curriculum framework: 1.Informed global citizen (global citizenship knowledge and understanding). 2.Critically literate global citizen (critical social and political literacies). 3.Socially diverse and connected global citizen (identities and relationships). 4.Ethically responsible global citizen (social and political responsibilities). 5.Engaged and responsive global citizen (participation in communities). Source: GCE Guiding Framework: Topics and Leaning Objectives by Age. Expert Advisory Group Review Meetings

GCED core competencies Cognitive 1.Knowledge, understanding and critical thinking about global issues and the interconnectedness/inter- dependency of countries and different populations Socio-Emotional 2.Sense of belonging to a common humanity, sharing values and responsibilities, and holding rights 3.Empathy, solidarity and respect for differences and diversity Behavioral 4. Act effectively and responsibly at local, national and global contexts for a more peaceful and sustainable world Source: Meeting of the GCE and ESD Measurement Ad-Hoc Team. UNESCO Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference. Final Report “Envisioning Education Beyond 2015: Asia-Pacific Regional Perspectives” What is GCED?

GCE- Monitoring and measuring Major international initiatives of assessments: International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS- IEA) which will be repeated and extended in Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), will be expanded in 2018 to include an assessment of global competence. Learning Metrics Task Force has launched a working group to make recommendations for measuring global citizenship by early 2015 to explore the different definitions and constructs related to global citizenship identify ways in which these constructs are currently being assessed and measured build consensus on core competencies of global citizenship that are relevant in all countries propose new and innovative ways of assessing learning in this area

GCE- Monitoring and measuring Approaches to the inclusion of LTLT in Curricular Subjects/ Timetables in Asian Countries Dedicated SubjectsAcademic ‘carrier subjects’ Non-academic ‘carrier ‘ subjects Civics and CitizenshipGeographyArt Life SkillsHistoryHealth Education Moral and Ethics Education Language and Literature Music Religious EducationLocal/Foreign Languages Physical Education Values EducationSocial StudiesSchool Activities Source: LTLT in the Asia-Pacific 2013

The way forward Clarifying concept and approaches Share good policies and practices Indicators and measurement to follow progress Support for country-level implementation, esp. teachers Source: Chris Castel (2014) Presentation on Global Citizenship Education-Basic Approaches and Understanding, Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference, UNESCO

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