Poudre High School By: Ben Kirk VISION Poudre High School By: Ben Kirk
Accessory Structures of the Eye Eyelids (Palpebrae): Windshield wipers for the eyes. Lubricate and remove debri Lacrimal Caruncle: Produces night boogers. Secreted so that the eyelids don’t stick together.
Accessory Structures of the Eye Conjunctiva: Epithelial layer continuous with the inner layer of the eye lid
Accessory Structures of the Eye Lacrimal Apparatus: production, distribution, and removal of tears Lacrimal Gland: Superior and lateral to the eye Releases tears using tear duct Lacrimal Canals: Tube by which tears are removed from the eye and enter the Lacrimal Sac
Accessory Structures of the Eye Lacrimal Apparatus: Nasolacrimal Duct: Cavity that connects lacrimal sacs to the nasal cavity Swallow or blow out all lacrimal secretions
Eye Diseases, injuries, etc… Sty: Infection of sebaceous glands of eyelashes (very painful) Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Damage to and irritation of the conjunctivitis
Anatomy of the Eye General Facts: Approximately 1 inch in diameter Approximately 8 g in weight
Eye Anatomy Posterior/Vitreous Chamber: Filled with vitreous humor (gel like consistency) Used to maintain shape of the eye and hold retina in place
Eye Anatomy Anterior Chamber: Separated from posterior chamber by iris and cilliary bodies Filled with Aqueous Humor (water like consistency) Function: circulation of nutrients and wastes as well as eyeball structure/shape
Layers of the Eye Fibrous Tunic: Tough outer layer for protection and muscle attachment Sclera: White of the eye Connective tissue where all extrinsic muscles attach. Cornea: Continuous with sclera Fibers are arranged to allow light passage (Cornea appears clear) No blood vessels, very hard to repair
Layers of the Eye Vascular Tunic: Middle Layer Iris: Colored region of the eye Muscles that regulate pupil size Pupil: Opening in the center of the iris Ciliary Body: Mass of muscle connected to the lens to change its shape Choroid: Layer of blood vessels that separates the fibrous and neural tunics posterior to the ciliary bodies.
Layers of the Eye Neural Tunic: The Retina Photoreceptors: Rods and Cones Rods: Light detection (night vision) Cones: Color Detection Fovea: Focal point of all images Highest concentration of cones Optic Disk: Where optic nerve and blood vessels leave the vitreous chamber Blind Spot
The Lens: Focuses image on retina Physically changes shape
Lens Abnormalities Cataracts: Lens becomes cloudy Glaucoma: Increased fluid pressure inside the eye, pinching the optic nerve Myopia: Nearsightedness Eyeball is too deep Hyperopia: Farsightedness Eyeball is too shallow
Glaucoma
Myopia http://www.tehranlasik.com/images/myopia.jpg
Hyperopia http://www.stlukeseye.com/Conditions/Hyperopia.asp
Masters of Illusion
Focus on the dot and move your head side to side or forward to back…
How many legs does the elephant have?
Stare at the black dot and watch the haze disappear…
Shapes that don’t exist…
What do you see?
The Impossible Trident
Straight or crooked?
Count the Black Dots!!!
Circles or Spirals?
Crooked or Straight?
Optical illusions in shape!
Floating Sphere
Can you make them stop spinning?
Image Credits http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/blckdots.jpg http://www.is.svitonline.com/malinman/optic/spirkrug.gif http://www.sapdesignguild.org/resources/optical_illusions/images/couple.gif http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/lines.jpg http://www.eyesearch.com/optical.vase.gif http://www.sackville.ednet.ns.ca/art/gallery/exhibit/draw/Escher,M.C.-Relativity-1953.jpg http://www.math.technion.ac.il/~rl/M.C.Escher/2/escher-hands.gif http://www.cbu.edu/~jvarrian/252/eye.gif http://www.city.ac.uk/colourgroup/spectrum.gif http://medweb2.bham.ac.uk/image_database/bain/images/229339c.jpg http://www.eyesearch.com/astigmatism.jpg http://www.whiteeye.net/images/myopia.jpg http://www.colorado.edu/epob/epob1220lynch/image/figure6n.jpg http://www.rktekt.com/ck/im/FineArt/eye.jpg http://mathworld.wolfram.com/gifs/ouchi.gif http://www.aetheronline.com/mario/images/Favourite%20Images/Optical%20Illusions/14_jpg.jpg http://www.mercola.com/2003/sep/27/illusion4.gif http://members.cox.net/mystic-warrior/mag2.jpg