How Leadership for Technology Is Distributed Among Leaders, Followers, and The Situation -Sara Dexter University of Virginia

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Distributed Leadership A focus on leadership PRACTICE: >the interactions between leaders, followers, and their situation leaders act in situations that are defined by others actions in a situation its routines, tools, and structures define leadership practice »Professor James Spillane, Northwestern University

Practice Leadership Practice Interactions Among Leaders, Followers, Situation Classroom Practice Interactions Among Teacher, Students, Curriculum

Interactions Between Situatio n Leaders, Followers

The Situation Shapes Leadership Practice >Tools, Routines, & Structures –Means to an end –Concrete illustrations of leaders intentions –Developed responses that routinize leadership practice for intended goals –Constrain and enable –Shape organization, and relationships >= Artifacts

Artifacts of Practice >Tools –a mediating device that shapes interactions between two people Improvement plan, observation protocol, student assessment data >Routines –Interactional, repetitive, recognizable, pattern of interdependent actions Meetings, annual SOL cycle of readying and testing >Structures –Conditions or characteristics: Time / schedule, school size, departments or teams, accountability, governance

Interactions Between

Distributed Leadership A focus on leadership PRACTICE: >the interactions between leaders, followers, and their situation leaders act in situations that are defined by others actions in a situation its routines, tools, and structures define leadership practice »Professor James Spillane, Northwestern University

Analytical Perspective >Who is a leader? –Role-based vs. Expertise-based Sources of influence Relative responsibilities, accountability >What is leadership? –System of Practice vs. Trait or Behavior Systemic view How interactions are fostered, their depth and quality

Discuss >What does taking a distributed leadership perspective highlight for you about your role and work as a school leader?

School Technology Leadership What we know >Team of people –Principal, Technology Integrators, Teacher Leaders >Leadership best predictor of integration – Rather than infrastructure or $$ spent >Vision is Key –Serves as an organizing concept

Outcomes of School Technology Leadership Classroom Level >Integration aids teaching and learning >Integration is strategic and effective School Level >Supportive Context >Enablers maximized >The organization learns

Outcomes of School Technology Leadership Classroom-level Integration >1. Learning outcomes drive the selection of technology. >2. Technology use provides added value to teaching and learning. >3. Technology assists in the assessment of the learning outcomes. School-level Implementation >4. Ready access to supported, managed technology is provided. >5. Professional development is targeted at successful technology integration. >6. Professional community enhances integration and implementation.

Outcomes of School Technology Leadership Integration >1. Learning outcomes drive the selection of technology. >2. Technology use provides added value to teaching and learning. >3. Technology assists in the assessment of the learning outcomes. Implementation >4. Ready access to supported, managed technology is provided. >5. Professional development is targeted at successful technology integration. >6. Professional community enhances integration and implementation. Leadership by teams to accomplish outcomes

Discuss >At your school, to what degree have you accomplished the technology –Integration outcomes? –Implementation outcomes?

A Distributed Approach to Technology Leadership >Increases Success via Team Method –More needs represented – More expertise included >Recognizes recursive effect –leaders act in situations that are defined by others actions –in a situation its routines, tools, and structures define leadership practice

Leadership >Definition: To exert influence in a particular direction >Core functions 1.To set direction 2.To develop peoples capacity for that direction 3.To restructure the organization to support that direction

Outcomes of School Technology Leadership Integration >1. Learning outcomes drive the selection of technology. >2. Technology use provides added value to teaching and learning. >3. Technology assists in the assessment of the learning outcomes. Implementation >4. Ready access to supported, managed technology is provided. >5. Professional development is targeted at successful technology integration. >6. Professional community enhances integration and implementation. Teams Set direction Develop people Make the org. work to accomplish outcomes

Leadership & Classroom Practice 25% of impact on student achievement 75% of impact on student achievement Leadership Practice Interactions Among Leaders, Followers, Situation Classroom Practice Interactions Among Teachers, Students, Curriculum

Technology Leadership Leadership Practice Interactions Among Leaders, Followers, Situation Classroom Practice Interactions Among Teachers, Students, Curriculum Situations Artifacts --tools --routines --structures Set direction Develop people Make org work for Integration & Implementation Outcomes

Artifacts That Set Direction >To Set Direction –Identify and articulate a vision –Foster the acceptance of group goals –Create high performance expectations Tools, Routines, Structures –Technology vision- statement Relates to student learning –Regular mtg. discussion about priority of tech –Observation protocol for FB on quality of integration Indicators of current status and progress

Artifacts That Develop People >To Develop People –Offer intellectual stimulation –Provide individualized support –Provide an appropriate model Tools, Routines, Structures –Choice from among topics and ways to learn –Professional development Content area specific focused on in-depth understanding Long-term learning goals set –Availability of 1:1 help –PLCs discuss, observe, give feedback on efforts

Artifacts That Make Org. Work >To Make the Organization Work –Strengthen School Cultures –Modify organizational structures –Build collaborative practices Tools, Routines, Structures –Policies encouraging teacher empowerment and professional community –Tools for knowledge building, networked storage, time to meet –Physical proximity /interdependence with other integrators –Goal and vision consensus with external community

Discuss At your school, what leadership practices (artifacts: tools, routines, structures) 1.influence integration outcomes? (classroom technology integration practices) 2.create favorable implementation conditions?

Analysis Focus >Enabling Practices: –For technology outcomes being met, what tools, routines, and structures facilitate? >Constraining Practices: – For technology outcomes NOT being met, what tools, routines, and structures are missing? What interventions are needed? >Is Team Coordinated and Open to Input? –For setting direction, developing people, and making the organization work?