Organization & Representation at the Philadelphia Convention 1787 Unit 2, Lessons 9 and 10.

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Presentation transcript:

Organization & Representation at the Philadelphia Convention 1787 Unit 2, Lessons 9 and 10

James Madison (VA) “Father of the Constitution” Greatest influence on structure of National Govt.

Who Attended?

Who Did Not?

Rules of the Convention Civil Discourse: reasoned discussion which allows all people to speak.Civil Discourse: reasoned discussion which allows all people to speak. Secrecy to ensure the free exchange of ideas.Secrecy to ensure the free exchange of ideas. No Women, Blacks, or Natives!No Women, Blacks, or Natives!

Virginia Plan (Large State) James Madison & Edmund RandolphJames Madison & Edmund Randolph Bicameral Legislature proportionate to state pop.Bicameral Legislature proportionate to state pop. –Lower House = represents citizens –Upper House = elected by Lower House, nominated by state legislatures Executive: elected by legislature, vetoExecutive: elected by legislature, veto Judiciary appointed by legislature for life.Judiciary appointed by legislature for life.

New Jersey Plan New Jersey Plan (Small State) By William PatersonBy William Paterson Unicameral Legislature representing the states with specified (enumerated) powers (taxation).Unicameral Legislature representing the states with specified (enumerated) powers (taxation). Plural Executives: elected by legislaturePlural Executives: elected by legislature –(1 year term). Judiciary decides specific types of cases (for life)Judiciary decides specific types of cases (for life)

The Great Compromise Roger Sherman & Oliver Ellsworth (CT)Roger Sherman & Oliver Ellsworth (CT) House of Representatives : elected by & represents citizens proportionate to state pop.House of Representatives : elected by & represents citizens proportionate to state pop. Senate: represents states equally (2 per), nominated by state legislatures (until 1913).Senate: represents states equally (2 per), nominated by state legislatures (until 1913).

Three-Fifths Compromise State census conducted every 10 years for apportioning # of reps. to HouseState census conducted every 10 years for apportioning # of reps. to House. State pop.= all free persons + 3 out of every 5 slaves!State pop.= all free persons + 3 out of every 5 slaves! Each slave counts as 3/5ths a person when computing direct taxes.Each slave counts as 3/5ths a person when computing direct taxes.