HOUSING AND LIFE IN ANCIENT ROME

TUNICA (TUNIC) SHORT BELTED GARMENT WORN BY MEN, WOMEN, AND CHILDREN IN ANCIENT ROME THE TUNIC WAS WORN UNDERNEATH THE TOGA BY MALE CITIZENS AND UNDERNEATH THE STOLA (DRESS) BY WOMEN

TOGA TOGAS WERE A PRIVILEGED GARMENT WORN ONLY BY MALE ADULT ROMAN CITIZENS. ON REACHING THE AGE OF 15 OR 16 ROMAN BOYS CELEBRATED THE HOLIDAY OF MATURITY ON MARCH 17—LIBERALIA—BY MARCHING TOGETHER TO THE FORUM OF THEIR TOWN, BY RECEIVING THEIR TOGA VIRILIS (OF MANHOOD), AND BY PUTTING AWAY THEIR ‘BULLA”—THE AMULET NECKLACE THAT SERVED TO REMIND THEM OF THE ROMAN VALUES OF COURAGE, LOYALTY, AND OBEDIENCE. THE TOGA WAS MADE OF WOOL, WAS NOT VERY COMFORTABLE TO WEAR, NOR EASY TO PUT ON. A SLAVE HELPED TO PUT IT ON HIS MASTER. THE TOGA WAS WRAPPED IN SUCH A WAY AS TO LEAVE THE RIGHT ARM FREE AND THE LEFT ARM (THE UN- FAVORABLE SIDE) COVERED. THERE WERE DIFFERENT TOGAS FOR DIFFERENT OCCASIONS. BULLA

STOLA ROMAN WOMEN WORE A LONG DRESS OR “STOLA” OVER A TUNIC UNDERNEATH. (A “PALLA” OR SHAWL MIGHT BE WORN OVER THE SHOULDERS.)

DOMUS THE ROMAN TOWN HOUSE

DOMICILEDOMESTIC HELP DOMESTICATEDDOME DOMINANT ATHLETES

VILLA COUNTRY HOUSE COUNTRY HOUSES VARIED GREATLY DEPENDING ON THE WEALTH OF THE OWNER AND THE PURPOSE OF THE HOUSE. GETTY VILLA RECONSTRUCTION IN CALIFORNIA

VILLAGE—A GROUP OF HOMES! BEIJING OLYMPIC VILLAGE SOLAR VILLAGE GREENWICH VILLAGE, NYC SOMMOVILLA= HOUSE ON A HILL!

INSULA APARTMENT BUILDING “INSULA” ALSO MEANS “ISLAND” AND LITERALLY COMES FROM THE ROOT WORDS “IN SALT” : APARTMENT BUILDINGS WERE LIKE ISLANDS COMPOSED OF HOMES.

INSULAR INSULATION INSULATE ADDING INSULATION RUBBER INSULATED WIRE INSULATED MUG

ATRIUM ATRIUM The (1) Atrium was the major receiving room in the front of the Roman home. In the middle of the Atrium was the (2)Impluvium which was a shallow pool used for collecting rainwater. Directly above the Impluvium was the Compluvium. The Compluvium was a hole in the roof through which the water came into the Impluvium. Also in the atrium was the Lararium, which was a shrine to the house- hold gods. The Atrium was often sparsely furnished but finely decorated with frescoes or marble on the walls and fine marble or mosaics for flooring. The “paterfamilias”--father of the family--would receive his clients in the atrium every morning to dole out money or food and jobs for them to perform.

THE WORD “ATRIUM” COMES FROM THE WORD “ATER” OR “BLACK”. IN EARLIEST ROMAN TIMES, THE ATRIUM WOULD HAVE SERVED AS A CENTRAL PLACE FOR THE HEARTH AND FIRE IN A SMALLER HOME OR HUT. THE HOLE IN THE CEILING ABOVE THE FIRE WOULD HAVE ALLOWED THE SMOKE TO ESCAPE AND DARKENED THE WALLS, HENCE THE COLOR IN THE NAME.

ATRIA TODAY ARE BRIGHT AND AIRY RECEPTION ROOMS! OPRYLAND HOTEL ATRIUM HOSPITAL ATRIUM

ATRIA ARE ALSO RECEIVING PARTS OF ORGANS IN OUR BODY! HUMAN HEART HUMAN EAR: LETTER “a” DENOTES THE ATRIUM OR VESTIBULE IN THE INTERNAL PART OF THE EAR

CUBICULUM BEDROOM OFFICE CUBICLES TODAY CUBICULA: BEDROOMS SURROUNDING THE ATRIUM RECONSTRUCTED CUBICULUM

CULINA KITCHEN CULINARY INSTITUTE OF BOSTON

TRICLINIUM THE ROMAN DINING ROOM THREE SOFAS FOR RECLINING AROUND A SERVING TABLE-- POORER ROMANS ATE ON CHAIRS AT A TABLE

PERISTYLIUM OPEN, OUTDOOR COURTYARD SURROUNDED BY A COLONNADE Notice the word is related to “stylus”: the courtyard is surrounded by columns.

THE PERISTYLIUM WAS IN THE REAR OF THE DOMUS OR VILLA—AND WAS A FAVORITE PLACE IN THE HOME

IENTACULUM BREAKFAST A SIMPLE AND EARLY MEAL THE EXTENT OF WHICH DEPENDED ON WEALTH BREAD SEASONED WITH SALT CHEESE FRUIT HONEY MILK EGGS

PRANDIUM LUNCH LATE MORNING, EARLY AFTERNOON MEAL OFTEN CONSISTS OF LEFTOVERS FROM PAST EVENING’S MAIN MEAL POSTPRANDIAL BLOOD TEST-- MEASURES GLUCOSE IN BLOOD 2 HOURS AFTER EATING

CENA MAIN MEAL USUALLY EATEN IN THE “NINTH” HOUR (3 pm) AND COULD LAST INTO EVENING AMONG THE WEALTHY

The CENA, or main meal, usually consisted of three courses: appetizers, main course, and desserts. It could last from one to many hours. Exotic spices were often used. Olives were used for food, light, heat, and cooking. WINE