The Internet COM 366 Web Design & Production

Brief history Internet began as nationwide network for Department of Defense in 1960s –Expanded to universities in 1980s Used for , transferring files HTML created in late 1980s –Hypertext Markup Language –Tim Berners-Lee

First Web browsers were text-only –Gopher developed in early 1990s Mosiac created at U of I in 1993 –First graphics-based browser –Allowed images, sound, video –became Netscape in 1995

Servers Interconnected computers –Have special server software Used to transfer files over the Internet IP address –Each server has a unique IP address Set of numbers ( ) –Corresponding domain name

Client –Your computer, which connects to a server –Displays files Internet Client (your computer) Server

URLs Uniform Resource Locator Web address /~jaglasc/COM366 /schedule.html protocol domain name pathname filename

http –Hypertext transfer protocol –Language servers use to communicate Index files –Index.html –Default file –What the server looks for when no file name is supplied

HTML Stands for Hypertext Markup Language Text-only document –ASCII file Language that browsers read –Special tags with angle brackets – text

Web browsers Like Netscape or Explorer Computer (client) software that displays html documents View source

Setting up a Web site Transfer html files from your computer to server FTP –File transfer protocol –Fetch for Macs, WS_FTP for PCs –Go online, then launch –Then upload the file(s)

A C B Server Internet Your computer Fetch (FTP)

Server space Free space –geocities, yahoo –Require ads ISPs –Internet service providers –Earthlink, America Online –Offer limited space, inexpensive –No domain name

Professional hosting services –Hosts your site –Do not provide Internet access Not a dialup service –Can get your own domain name –Offer more storage space

Domain names Used instead of IP Categories –.com commercial/business –.edu education –.org nonprofit organization –.gov government agencies Registration –Usually hosting company can do it –Network Solutions Request a domain name Give them server’s IP numbers