The Baroque Period 1600-1750.

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Presentation transcript:

The Baroque Period 1600-1750

Historical Facts Galileo & Newton were discovering new ways to explain the universe In music, art, architecture, and fashion, fancy decoration & ornamentation became the rule Men & Women wore wigs and coats with lace Composers continued to be employeed by the church & wealthy- the patronage system Patrons paid for the composer’s work, so they decided what they wrote- limiting creative freedom Important Composers: Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frederic Handel, Johann Pachelbel, Georg Phillip Telemann, Henry Purcell and Antonio Vivaldi.

Baroque Characterisitics Form Dances were popular during this period as well as preludes, fugues, suites, toccatas and theme and variations. Binary ( 2 beat) and ternary ( 3 beat) forms were used frequently. Harmony Two or more melodies played at the same time created a musical texture called counterpoint. There were frequent harmonic changes. Tonality was based on major and minor keys.

Baroque Characteristics, Cont’d Keyboard instruments clavichord, harpsichord, and organ Rhythm Emphasis was on strong beats, upbeats and fast-changing rhythmic motion. Eighths, 16ths and triplets were frequently used. Eighth note = ½ beat 16th note = ¼ beat Triplet divides the beat in 3 Style Faster notes were normally played legato- connected & smooth Slower notes were normally played nonlegato.- seperated Ornaments were used frequently

Trends in Music Complex polyphonic music Accompanying chords Dynamics & tempo markings Dynamics- volume Tempo- speed Improvisation Used music to express emotions- joy & anger

Vocal Baroque Music Opera- combined music, acting, scenery, costumes, and props Actors and actresses sing the libretto (script) Opera Seria- Serious Opera Opera Buffa- Funny Opera First Opera- “Orfeo” by Claudio Monteverdi Cantata- series of arias and recitatives, not staged or acted

Instrumental Baroque Music Instruments- flute, oboe, bassoon, trombone, valveless trumpets and horns, harpsichord, organ, timpani Music written for instruments contained several sections called movements Concerto featured one soloist or a group of soloists usually contained three movements (fast-slow-fast). Antonio Vivaldi's Four Seasons

Composers Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Dietrich Buxtehude Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713) Francois Couperin (1668-1733) Girolamo Frescobaldi George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) Elizabeth-Claude Jacquet de la Guerre (1659-1729) Jean-Baptiste Lully Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643) Jacopo Peri Georg Phillip Telemann Henry Purcell (1659-1695) Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764) Alessandro Scarlatti Heinrich Schutz (1585-1672) Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)