I-GALFA: The Inner-Galaxy ALFA H I Survey Bon-Chul Koo, Geumsook Park Ji-hyun Kang Kevin Douglas Josh Peek Eric Korpela, Carl Heiles Tom Bania Seoul National U. NAIC Exeter U. Columbia U. U. Cal-Berkeley Boston U. Steven Gibson W. Kentucky U. Arecibo Surveys Workshop, NAIC, December 10, 2009

I-GALFA Overview Quick (2-year) lean (8-member) survey Map inner Galactic disk H I ( 330 hrs, 1100 deg 2 )  GALFA H I spectrometer, methods, pipeline  Base T rms ~ 0.25 K for 3.35’ beam, km/s chan. Science  Molecular cloud formation  Shells + chimneys related to massive star energetics  Detailed structure of Galaxy, on and off plane Commensal partners: ZOA + GALFACTS Thanks to NAIC for scheduling!

I-GALFA Sky Coverage Completed in 2009 September! Will merge with other GALFA - H I surveys RA+DEC fields covering |GLAT| < 10 degrees over full AO DEC range  4 major fields (ZA nod on meridian, 0.84’/s)  1 ``zenith’’ field (AZ wag 51 m W of zenith, 0.59’/s) Some latitude extensions due to CIMA quirks and schedule resolution – all useful!

I-GALFA Commensality First doubly-commensal ALFA survey project  I-GALFA (a2186) was primary (GALSPECT)  ZOA (a2144) + GALFACTS (a2390) commensal shared WAPPs in 2008, Mocks in 2009 GALFACTS pipeline bins time samples for ZOA data Commensal needs + challenges  GALFACTS: rapid sampling, radar RFI filter, winking cal  ZOA: fine spectral resolution, good redshift coverage Commensal benefits  Time efficiency  CIMA development (fastbasket , smartbasket 2009)  Same methods now used for GALFACTS (a2130) + TOGS2

I-GALFA Observing Procedures adapted from Perseus (a2174) and other GALFA - H I projects Testing / hairy observations handled by obs. team Routine observations by telescope operators Each session assigned an obs. team member:  Prepare observing scripts for operator to run  On call during run in case of problems  Run daily bookkeeping scripts, update logs, etc. All sessions logged on I-GALFA website

I-GALFA Data Processing team (Douglas, Kang, Peek) ran GSR pipeline on all GALSECT data  Challenges near plane spur pipeline development (broader lines, brighter emission)  Data still being improved in next few months Processed data assembled in cubes (Gibson)  Currently proprietary to science team  Initial public release in 2010; full release in 2011  I2 ‘narrow’ and ‘wide’ copies of each cube (1 GB)  R4 full-spectrum cubes eventually (8 GB)  Both RA+DEC and GLON+GLAT coordinates

I-GALFA and the NVO Public release data to be on GALFA - H I website Cornell + other sites (?) -- redundancy is good! Useful NVO interface features  Level 1: pre-generated atlas tile cubes (list or map)  Level 2: cutout image cubes on same atlas pixel grid  Level 3: arbitrary mosaic cubes regridded from atlas  Ancillary Data: 2-D cube projections [(l,b), (l,v), etc.] of I-GALFA H I NVO hooks to other ALFA data (e.g. GALFACTS, RRL) NVO hooks to multi-  data (e.g., SkyView)

First I-GALFA Science: Gas Structures

500 pc First I-GALFA Science: Gas Structures Distance ~ 3 kpc => 3.4’ ~ 3 pc

NGC 891 Optical Dust Worms Distance ~ 9.5 Mpc Ground 1” ~ 48 pc HST 0.05” ~ 2.4 pc (H I has velocity!) (WIYN 3.5m; Howk & Savage 1997)

First I-GALFA Science: Cold H I Emission Newly forming disk-halo molecular clouds?

First I-GALFA Science: H I Self-Absorption Riegel-Crutcher Cold Cloud fragments?

Downes et al (1981) polarized continuum GALFACTS polarimetry pending Supershell GSH Multiple SNe or HVC Colliding with Disk

H I Structure: Inner vs. Outer Galaxy In the inner Galaxy, small filamentary structures perpendicular to the plane dominate. In the outer Galaxy, long filaments parallel to the plane dominate. Massive stars, turbulence? P ower spectrum? Inner galaxy at +80 km/s Outer galaxy at -80 km/s

I-GALFA Publications, etc. Koo et al., 2009, IAU Special Session 8 on Galactic plane, Highlights of Astronomy, in press (survey overview talk) Gibson et al., in preparation for AJ (survey technical paper) Forthcoming science papers (2010)  Gibson et al., in prep for ApJ (cold H I and H 2 in extraplanar clouds)  Koo et al., in prep for ApJ (disk-halo H I whiskers + filaments)  Kang et al., in prep for ApJ (forbidden velocity wing H I shells)  Sidorin et al., in prep for A&A (H I analogs of GLIMPSE IR shells)  Douglas et al., in prep for ApJ (gas-dust relations in extraplanar clouds) Ph.D. theses in progress: Geumsook Park, Vojtech Sidorin Undergrad research: Sean Stopher, Aaron Bell Outreach: public talks on Arecibo using GALFA images – WKU student clubs, gifted Kentucky high school students, etc.

Acknowledgements Telescope operators: Israel Cabrera, Edgardo Cruz, Norberto Despiau, Elliot Gonzalez, Juan Marrero, Wilfredo Portalatin Other NAIC staff: Mikael Lerner, Phil Perillat, Arun Venkataraman, Ganesan Rajagopalan, Hector Hernandez, and many others ZOA + GALFACTS commensal partners: Trish Henning, Robert Minchin, Russ Taylor, Chris Salter, Tapasi Ghosh, Jeff Dever, Jeroen Stil, and many others GALFA - H I scripts, pipeline: Peek, Heiles, Stanimirovic, Krco I-GALFA observing team: Koo, Kang, Park, Korpela, Gibson I-GALFA data team: Douglas, Kang, Peek, Gibson Grants from NSF, Korean Research Foundation, Marie Curie fellowship

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