Mary Francis Baxter, Morgan Good, Hannah Moore, Cathie Quamme AP Bio Period 1&2 NUCLEUS AND RIBOSOMES

 Found in eukaryotic plant and animal cells.  Located within the nucleus.  Is a network of condensed strands - coil into rod-like structures called chromosomes during mitosis  May cause ATR-X syndrome  - mutations of the ATR-X gene have higher chance of mental retardation, along with facial and skeletal abnormalities  Chromatin is similar to a library in that it stores information, and not every chromatin is the same or perfect, just as library books aren’t. CHROMATIN

 Is a structural knot of chromatin.  Responsible for the manufacture of ribosomes.  Present in eukaryotic plant and animal cells.  May cause Parkinson’s disease, a neurological disorder -this occurs when nucleoli do not efficiently carry out protein synthesis, making the cells defective. NUCLEOLUS  Is similar to a factory in that both the nucleolus and a factory produce multiples of the same product, being the ribosomes, and also in that both a factory and nucleoli are thrown off in their production greatly when a small malfunction occurs.

NUCLEAR PORE Each cell have multiple pore, each being a pathway for the cell to import and export proteins, and export RNA. Responsible for the synthesis of RNA. Found in eukaryotic plant and animal cells. Can cause various viruses such a HIV -the nucleolus can allow things into the cell whih are harmful, then the nucleus can intensify these. similar to a river in that different substances flow to a new place, and by it’s path-like structure.

CHROMOSOMES carry genetic info. equal number of c-somes. are divded between daughter cells during nuclear division. contain DNA and some RNA. found in eukaryotes (animal and plant). can cause down syndrome among many others. are much like nurses because they help deliver/care for babies who are basically big bundles of genetic info <3 AND much like nurses work in hospitals which are like eukaryotic cells because of all their various wards, like a cells organelles.

RIBOSOMES can be found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. are either free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. make proteins by connecting amino acids into long chains. have 2 subunits, which are different for eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. are much like construction workers, because they connect the amino acids one at a time and because they build a long chain of them. Some scientists believe that ribosome dysfunction lead to Alzheimer’s disease, Diamond Blackfan Anemia, and gastric cancer

C’EST LA FINI!