Safety Council of the Ozarks

WHY ARE WE HERE? OSHA BB Pathogen standard –anyone whose job requires exposure to BB pathogens is required to complete training –employees who are trained in CPR and first aid The more you know, the better you will perform in real situations!

Could You Contract a Disease at Work? Administering first aid? Cleaning the restrooms? Using a tool covered with dried blood? A co-worker sneezes on you?

We May Be…..

Or We May Be…..

Or At Home…..

Or At Work….

Or At Play….

This Is Not The Answer…

What is a BB Pathogen? Microorganisms that are carried in the blood that can cause disease in humans

Means of Transmission - Must Enter Body HBV, HIV virus present in blood, body fluids Sexual contact with an infected partner Sharing infected needles Accidentally cutting yourself with a sharp object that is contaminated with infected blood, body fluids Infected blood or body fluid on skin especially with open cuts, sores Getting contaminated blood or body fluid in eyes, mouth.

Exposure Incident A specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure Report all accidents involving blood or bodily fluids Postexposure medical evaluations are offered

Potential Exposure Industrial accident Administering first aid Postaccident cleanup Janitorial or maintenance work

Common BB Pathogen Diseases Malaria Brucellosis Syphilis Hepatitis B(HBV) Hepatitis C(HCV) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

HIV is the virus that leads to AIDS HIV depletes the immune system HIV does not survive well outside the body No threat on contracting HIV through casual contact Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Hepatitis B (HBV) 1—1.25 million Americans are chronically infected Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting May lead to chronic liver disease, liver cancer, and death Vaccination available since 1982 HBV can survive for at least one week in dried blood Symptoms can occurr 1-9 months after exposure

Hepatitis C (HCV) Hepatitis C is the most common chronic bloodborne infection in the United States Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting May lead to chronic liver disease and death

Potentially Infectious Bodily Fluids Blood Saliva Vomit Urine Semen or vaginal secretions Skin tissue, cell cultures Chewing tobacco juice Any other bodily fluid

Transmission Potential Contact with another person’s blood or bodily fluid that may contain blood Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose Non-intact skin Contaminated sharps/needles

Your Exposure Potential Industrial accident Administering first aid Post-accident cleanup Handling of returned product Janitorial or maintenance work Handling of any waste products

Other Exposure Hazards Cleaning surfaces contaminated with blood, vomit feces ALWAYS wear gloves and protective apron or clothing Be alert for sharp objects, broken glassware, used syringes in trash Do not pick up broken glass - use brush or broom & dustpan Dispose of glass, sharp objects safely Laundry - bloody or contaminated linens or sharp objects

Universal Precautions Use of proper PPE Treat all blood and bodily fluids as if they are contaminated Proper cleanup and decontamination Disposal of all contaminated material in the proper manner

Clean-Up and Safe Housekeeping After an accident, the entire area must be cleaned with disinfectant Cleaning equipment must be disinfected Wear gloves while cleaning, apron or goggles if appropriate Restrict access to the area Use disposable towels - dispose of properly

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Anything that is used to protect a person from exposure Latex or Nitrile gloves, goggles, CPR mouth barriers, aprons, respirators

PPE Rules to Remember Always check PPE for defects or tears before using If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and get new Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area Do not reuse disposable equipment

Decontamination When cleaning up surfaces use Hepacide Quat ® (or 1 part bleach to 10 parts water) Do an initial wipe up Spray and allow it to stand for ten minutes then wipe up Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers PPE should be removed and disposed of in biohazard containers

Hand Washing Wash hands immediately after removing PPE Use a soft antibacterial soap A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with soap and water as soon as possible therafter

Regulated Medical Waste Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious material(OPIM) Contaminated items that would release blood or OPIM when compressed Contaminated sharps Pathological and microbiological waste containing blood or OPIM

Signs & Labels Labels must include the universal biohazard symbol, and the term “Biohazard” must be attached to: –containers of regulated biohazard waste –refrigerators or freezers containing blood or OPIM –containers used to store, transport, or ship blood or OPIM

Exposure Incident A specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure Report all accidents involving blood or bodily fluids Post-exposure medical evaluations are offered

Post-exposure Evaluation Confidential medical evaluation Document route of exposure Identify source individual Test source individuals blood (with individuals consent) Provide results to exposed employee

Hepatitis B Vaccination Strongly endorsed by medical communities Offered to all potentially exposed employees Provided at no cost to employees Declination form

Safe Work Practices Remove contaminated PPE or clothing as soon as possible Clean and disinfect contaminated equipment and work surfaces Thoroughly wash up immediately after exposure Properly dispose of contaminated items

Personal Hygiene –Additional self-protective controls should be followed to protect you: When performing procedures involving blood or other potentially infectious materials, minimize splashing, spraying, spattering and generation of droplets. Do not eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics or lip balms, or handle contact lenses where you may be exposed to blood or other potentially infectious materials. Avoid petroleum-based lubricants that may eat through latex gloves. Applying hand cream is OK if you thoroughly wash your hands first. Don’t keep food and drinks in refrigerators, freezers, cabinets or on shelves, countertops or benchtops where blood or other potentially infectious materials may be present.

Glove removal –You must follow a safe procedure for glove removal, being careful that no pathogens from the soiled gloves contact your hands. With both hands gloved, peel one off from top to bottom and hold it in the gloved hand. With the exposed hand, peel the second glove from the inside, tucking the first glove inside the second. Dispose of the entire bundle promptly. Remove gloves when they become contaminated, damaged or before leaving the work area. Wash your hands thoroughly.

Recordkeeping Medical records include: Hepatitis B vaccination status Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results Training records include: Training dates Contents of the training Signature of trainer and trainee

Common Sense Rules Wash hands & remove protective clothing before eating, drinking, smoking, handling contact lenses, applying lip balm or cosmetics Keep hands away from eyes, nose, mouth while cleaning Frequent handwashing is best defense against spreading infection

Reducing Your Risk Five major tactics reduce your risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens on the job: –Engineering controls –Employee work practices –Personal protective equipment –Housekeeping –Hepatitis B vaccine. Alone, none of these approaches is 100 percent effective. They must be used together, like five protective barriers against infection.

Good Housekeeping Good housekeeping protects every worker, and it is every worker’s responsibility. Playing It Safe If you are exposed, report the incident immediately to your supervisor.

Resuscitation devices –Mechanical emergency respiratory devices and pocket masks are types of personal protective equipment designed to isolate you from contact with a victim’s saliva during resuscitation. –Avoid unprotected mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. The person may expel saliva, blood or other fluids during resuscitation.

Summary Protect yourself on and off the job- know the facts Practice good personal hygiene Follow work rules, use gloves and protective clothing Wash your hands often, after work or exposure Keep areas clean - report problems immediately to supervisors

Try To Protect Yourself Against Possible Future Exposures

In Conclusion BB pathogen rules are in place for your health and safety Failure to follow them is a risk that does not need to be taken

Gary Kukal, CHSP, CSHS Safety Council of the Ozarks

Jason Spriggs X 3523 Chuck Sater X 3521 Safety Mailbox X 8600