Psychology of Adjustment PSY100 Therapies

Objectives Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: –List the classes of drugs which are used to treat each of the following: anxiety disorders, mood disorders and schizophrenia –Discuss electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery –Describe psychodynamic therapy, its key assumptions and techniques –Describe client-centered therapy and Gestalt therapy –Describe two therapies based on classical conditioning (systematic desensitization, aversive conditioning) and one therapy based on operant conditioning (behavioral modification) –Discuss cognitive therapy, its key assumptions and different approaches to such therapy –Define group therapy, family therapy and couples therapy –Discuss support groups, community mental health and cultural perspectives on mental heath

Overview Therapy –Approaches Biological Psychological Sociocultural –Effectiveness –Health Professionals –Consumers

Biological Therapies Drug Therapy –Anti-anxiety drugs Tranquilizers –Benzodiazepines –Side effects –Anti-depressant drugs Tricyclics MAO inhibitors SSRIs –Prozac –Lithium Bipolar disorder –Antipsychotic Drugs Neuroleptics Schizophrenia

Biological Therapies, continued Electroconvulsive Therapy –Shock therapy –Causes a brain seizure –Treat depression –Effectiveness –Side effects Psychosurgery –Surgery on the brain –Rarely done

Psychotherapies Psychodynamic Therapies –Freud's Psychoanalysis Free association Catharsis Dream analysis –Manifest content –Latent content Resistance Transference

Psychotherapies, continued Humanistic Approaches –Overview Insight therapy Defining humanistic therapies –Client-Centered therapy Carl Rogers Unconditional positive regard Genuineness Active listening –Gestalt Therapy Perl Self-awareness Role playing Setting examples

Psychotherapies, continued Behavior Therapies –Use principles of learning –Applications of classical conditioning Systematic Aversive –Applications of operant conditioning Behavior modification

Psychotherapies, continued Cognitive Therapies –Overview Cognition Change feelings and behaviors –Rational-emotive behavior therapy Albert Ellis Eliminate self-defeating beliefs –Beck’s cognitive therapy Open-ended dialogue Thinking illogically –Cognitive-behavior therapy Self instructional methods Self efficacy

Psychotherapies, continued Integrative Therapy –Combination of techniques –Therapist’s judgment –Diverse therapies –Has grown dramatically –Found to be very effective –Concerns of professionals

Sociocultural Approaches and Issues in Treatment Overview –Context of a person’s life Group Therapy –Uses many approaches –What makes it attractive? Information Universality Altruism Corrective recapitulation of the family group Development of social skills Interpersonal learning Family and Couples Therapy

Sociocultural Approaches, continued Self-Help Support Groups –Sympathetic audience –Emotional release –Social support –Broad appeal –Reduce stress –Promote adjustment Community Mental Health –Prevention

Evaluating Therapy Is Therapy Effective –Cognitive –Behavior –Relaxation Common Themes in Effective Therapy –Positive emotions –Mastery and competence –Arouse emotions Funding –Very expensive –Managed care Criticisms

Summary Drug Therapy Electroconvulsive Therapy Psychosurgery Psychodynamic Therapies Humanistic Approaches Behavior Therapies Cognitive Therapies Integrative Therapy Group Therapy Self-help Support Groups Community Mental Health The Effectiveness of Therapy