Annex 4 The Potential of Community Radio for Accelerated Child Survival, Development, Protection and Participation in Nigeria by Ms. Nance Webber Chief Programme Communication, UNICEF

Where does Nigeria stand regarding the MDGs? 6 years to the MDG target of 2015, Nigeria can still achieve the MDGs but huge challenges particularly for goals 1, 4, 5 and 6 would need to be addressed

What exactly is the situation regarding goals 1,4,5 and 6?

Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger 8 out of every 100 U5 year old children in Nigeria are severely underweight (MICS 2007)

Goal: Achieve Universal Primary Education About 7-10 million children of primary school age are not in school

Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality 14 out of every 100 children born in Nigeria will die before their fifth birthday (MICS 2007

Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health Every ten minutes a Nigerian woman dies from pregnancy and pregnancy related complications, 53,000 annually

Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria & other diseases Only 19 out of every 100 young persons aged 15 to 24 in Nigeria have comprehensive knowledge for HIV prevention (MICS 2007)

Goal 7: Ensure environmental Sustainability Less than half of Nigerians drink water from safe sources (MICS 2007)

Only 4 out of every 100 children under five years of age sleep under an insecticide treated-bednet in Nigeria. (MICS 2007)

Only 12 out of every 100 children in Nigeria are given only breast milk during the first 6 months of life (MICS 2007)

What exactly are the principles and process linking community radio to development?

Who Produces health…..? A CNN reporter is interviewing you Question to Minister of Agriculture “Who produces food in your country? Farmers or the Ministry of Agriculture?” Question to Minister of Health “Who produces health in your country? The people or the Ministry of Health?”

There is a growing recognition that households and communities are the primary producers of health

Which Medium has the highest reach in Nigeria?

Therefore: Radio + community = Accelerated Healthcare in Nigeria

The Principles Communication from a human rights perspective activates community members to take control of their own development. Most current communication strategies deliver information through campaigns. In this approach, community members are passive recipients of messages. Three shifts are required to implement communication strategies from a human rights perspective:

The Process Step One: Give a voice to the voiceless Step Two: Facilitate community radio pogramming that leads to community action plans. Step Three: Build channels of communication between communities & governments or agencies, so that community plans are supported with policies and service delivery programmes

Comunication For Development viz Community Radio C4D is defined as a systematic, planned and evidence-based strategic process that is crucial for social transformation and intrinsically linked to programme elements. It uses consultation and participation of children, families, communities, networks, and privileges local contexts; and relies on a mix of communication tools Community radio is radio which is for, by and about the community. The central mandate of community radio is to promote development at the grassroots. Development that involves the people themselves and seek to bring about positive change in their living conditions and environment. For example: poverty eradication/wealth creation, education, health, better access to clean water, greater participation and representation in the democratic system, etc

Why Community Radio to scale up results for Children?

FGN/UNICEF ACSD Goals for Malnutrition among U5 especially acute malnutrition in communities reduced by at least 50% in selected States through a system that guarantees sustainability At least 80% of all children <1 in selected HB States fully immunized through a system that guarantees sustainability & Polio eradication At least 50% of children under 5 and pregnant women in selected HB States sleep under ITNs. At least 50% of pregnant women under take 3 ANC visits and are assisted during delivery by qualified health personnel in a system that guarantees sustainability. Proportion of population in focus States with access and using improved water sources increased by 5% over 2007 baseline of 49.1% Up to 40% young people (15-24 years) nationally have comprehensive information and life skills to reduce HIV/AIDS risk and vulnerability Proportion of population with access to and using improved sanitary and hygiene facilities increased by 3.5% over 2007 baseline of 42.9%

Why the urgency for Community radio? Campaigns have not worked Current community-led actions (community- dialogues, Theatre for Development, Community Information Boards still in few 100 communities) Need to reach 80% of families in 774 LGA and over 101,000 communities Less than 6 years to do this Human Rights centred Results-oriented Delivers both development and social change

Individual/Family Change Progressive increase in knowledge and understanding Changes in perceived risk, emotion, beliefs, subjective norms Changes in attitudes and intentions Improved skills and practices Improved self image, social influence Social Change Equity in participation Increasing engagement, empowerment Information sharing equity Sense of self-determination and ownership Increase in social cohesion Change in social norms SOCIETAL {TRANSFORMATION} IMPACT Indicators of Behaviour & Social Change

Goal 8: Develop a Global partnership for Development Partnerships for Results for Children

Children Immunized Non-compliant HHs Data obtained from communities in Kano (9) and Zamfara (20) where community dialogues were monitored Data for communities from July IPDs were compared with data from September IPDs Measuring Effectiveness

We borrow it from our children We do not inherit the world from our ancestors Indian (Native American) Proverb