Introduction

Cells By Mr. Lin Image Courtesy of

What Are Cells?

What are cells? Cells are the “building blocks” to living things. –Each cell has a job in an animal or plant’s body in order to keep it functioning properly. Organelles: –Every cell is made up of smaller parts that help keep the cell healthy. These are called organelles.

Types of Cells Animal cells: –Cells that make up an animal. Plant cells: –Cells that make up a plant. Plant and Animal cells are similar. However there are a few key differences, which we will discuss later on.

Animal Cells Well, let me use a... Simile. “Animal cells are like cities.” Image Courtesy of

Animal Cells have... City Limits: Boundaries Image Courtesy of

Animal Cells also have... A City Government: They control the environment Image Courtesy of

Animal Cells have... A Constitution: Plan on how to run the city Image Courtesy of 01.gif

Animal Cells have... Power Plants: To Provide Energy Image Courtesy of

Animal Cells have... Warehouses: For storing food and waste Image Courtesy of and

Animal Cells have... Space To Move Around In : Roads, sidewalks, lawns, playgrounds, parks Image Courtesy of

Mitochondria: The Power Plant releases energy from food. Cell Membrane: Separates surrounding with what’s outside. Nucleus: The Control Center for all the cell’s activities. Chromosomes: Thread-like structures that contain information about the animal’s characteristics. Holds DNA. Cytoplasm: The jellylike substance that fills the cell. Allows other organelles to move around Vacuoles: Stores food and waste

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

The Nucleus

Mitochondria

Plant Cells Well, let me use a... Simile. “Plant cells are like fortified cities.” Image courtesy of

Plant Cells have... Walls : A Stiff protection against intruders Image Courtesy of sydney.jpg

Plant Cells ALSO have... A Food-maker from the Sun : “Magical” devices that turn the sun’s energy into food and sugar. Image Courtesy of

Plant Cells ALSO have... City Limits: Boundaries Image Courtesy of

Plant Cells ALSO have... A City Government: They control the environment Image Courtesy of

Plant Cells ALSO have... A Constitution: Plan on how to run the city Image Courtesy of 01.gif

Plant Cells ALSO have... Power Plants: To Provide Energy Image Courtesy of

Plant Cells ALSO have... Warehouses: For storing food and waste Image Courtesy of and

Plant Cells ALSO have... Space To Move Around In : Roads, sidewalks, lawns, playgrounds, parks Image Courtesy of

Mitochondria: The Power Plant releases energy from food. Cell Membrane: Separates surrounding with what’s outside. Chromosomes: Thread-like structures that contain information about the plant’s characteristics. Holds DNA. Cytoplasm: The jellylike substance that fills the cell. Allows other organelles to move around Vacuoles: Stores food and waste Chloroplast: This organelle converts the sun’s energy into sugar through photosynthesis. Nucleus: The Control Center for all the cell’s activities. Cell Wall: The stiff protection on the outside

IMPORTANT FACT! Animal cells have MANY small vacuoles. Plant cells have one BIG vacuole

Cell Wall and Vacuoles

Chloroplast (and Photosynthesis)

Review The conversion of the sun’s energy into sugar (food) is called... –Photosynthesis ? + ? + ? = sugar –Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water = sugar In what organelle does photosynthesis occur? –Chloroplast

Mitochondria: The Power Plant releases energy from food. Cell Membrane: Separates surrounding with what’s outside. Chromosomes: Thread-like structures that contain information about the plant’s characteristics. Holds DNA. Cytoplasm: The jellylike substance that fills the cell. Allows other organelles to move around Vacuoles: Stores food and waste Chloroplast: This organelle converts the sun’s energy into sugar through photosynthesis. Nucleus: The Control Center for all the cell’s activities. Cell Wall: The stiff protection on the outside