The Age of Exploration ► SSH1: The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia ► Essential Understandings: *Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures Native American cultures *Explain the reasons for European exploration of North American and settlement of North American and settlement

The Age of Exploration & Discovery ► The Major Players ► Portugal: Navigation Experts ► Spain: Funded Columbus’ voyage west to find Northwest Passage ► France: Sailed up the NA east coast to Nova Scotia ► England: Fights rival Spain for control of the New World by colonizing North America

The Age of Discovery & Exploration Motives for Exploration GodGoldGlory

The Age of Exploration ► Europeans traded with Asia for centuries ► Middlemen: a trader who buys goods from producers and sells them to other traders an consumers ► Middlemen drove up the prices of the goods ► Europeans wanted to find new trade routes that didn’t involve the middlemen. ► Marco Polo’s publications Travels led many to believe that China could be reached by ship.

The Age of Discovery & Exploration ► The Three major colonizers of the New World were: France, Spain, and England ► Amerigo Vespucci an Italian navigator gave his name to the New World ► Spain and Portugal start off in a race for the New World ► Pope is scared they will begin a war. They are both Catholic nations he gets involved ► Line of Demarcation Divides the New World between Spain and Portugal

The Age of Exploration ► Columbus believed that a new trade route could be found by going West ( Northwest Passage ). ► Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain financed his voyage ► On August 3 rd 1492 the Italian Columbus set sail on the Pinta, Nina, & Santa Maria ► On October 12, 1492 landed on a Caribbean Island he named San Salvador ► Columbus died believing he had reached India

The Age of Exploration ► Spain searched the Caribbean for wealth ► Spain’s two main goals for exploration were finding gold and spreading Christianity ► Hernando de Soto left Cuba in search for Gold ► He and his group of 600 men landed in Florida. ► In 1540 he entered Georgia ► His search for Gold was a failure ► His men killed thousands of Indians, and even more died from disease the explorers brought with them

The Age of Exploration ► Missions: Catholic outposts along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts used to convert Indians to Christianity ► In 1566 Spaniards moved up to St. Catherine’s Island and founded the mission Santa Catalina ► The first city settled in the New World was St. Augustine – Spanish Florida ► St. Marys, St. Catherines, & Ossabaw were all missions a part of the Spanish province Guale ► Mocama was another Spanish province that had several missions

The Age of Exploration ► The race for the New World heated up between England and Spain ► Spain’s success in finding gold made it very rich and powerful. ► Spain’s rise to power caused tension between England and Spain and led to an undeclared war between the two ► England and their strong navy came out on top and beat the Spanish Armada

England Settles the New World ► Jamestown was the first permanent settlement in the New World ► Many problems plagued this colony: disease, harsh weather, location ► They found that tobacco grew very well in this area and were able to trade it. ► Hugenots were French Protestants that explored the eastern coast of North America ► Indentured Servants agreed to work for someone for a set period of time in return for passage to the New World ► Slave: Had few rights and spent the entire lives in service to others

England Settles the New World ► Colonists came to the New World for, religious freedom, spreading Christianity, escape persecution. ► Primary reason for settlement was economic gain ► Wanted to establish a system of mercantilism – a nation exports more than it imports ► Mercantilism: colonies would ship raw materials to England. Englishmen would make goods and sell them to other nations.

England Settles the New World ► England sets up more colonies in New England and Carolina ► This creates more conflict between Spain and England. ► England sets up Fort King George on the Altamaha river to protect them from France and Spain ► In 1721 the garrison (a fort where troops are housed) was finished ► European nations were able to spread Christianity, gained riches, found new raw goods and materials