Common Injuries Sports Medicine I

Blisters Most often found on feet Most often found on feet Friction causes separation Friction causes separation Body responds with fluid formation Body responds with fluid formation Blisters can not be ignored Blisters can not be ignored Can be debilitating if not properly treated Can be debilitating if not properly treated

Ankle Sprains MOI: inversion and plantarflexion (80%) MOI: inversion and plantarflexion (80%) ATF weakest and most commonly injured ATF weakest and most commonly injured Eversion sprains less common Eversion sprains less common PRICES and limit WB activity PRICES and limit WB activity

Ankle Sprain Grades Grade I: one or more ligaments are stretched; little or no swelling; no abnormal movement Grade I: one or more ligaments are stretched; little or no swelling; no abnormal movement Grade II: Portion of one or more ligaments is torn; pain, swelling, loss of function; may not be able to walk normally Grade II: Portion of one or more ligaments is torn; pain, swelling, loss of function; may not be able to walk normally Grade III: One or more ligaments completely torn, joint instability, extreme pain or little pain, loss of function; accompanying fracture is possible Grade III: One or more ligaments completely torn, joint instability, extreme pain or little pain, loss of function; accompanying fracture is possible

Turf Toe Important in balance, movement, and speed Important in balance, movement, and speed Sprain of the first metatarsophalangeal joint Sprain of the first metatarsophalangeal joint Forcefully hyperflexed Forcefully hyperflexed Use PRICES Use PRICES Limit motion and tape for support Limit motion and tape for support

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (Shin Splints) Catchall term to describe anterior shin pain Catchall term to describe anterior shin pain Inflammation of the interosseous membrane Inflammation of the interosseous membrane Poor blood supply, slow to heal Poor blood supply, slow to heal Causes: Causes: –Muscle weakness –Lack of proper conditioning –Improper or incomplete warm-up –Poor flexibility or lack of stretching –Running on hard surfaces –Improper running form –Improper shoes

Plantar Fasciitis Tissue that extends from anterior portion of calcaneus to heads of metatarsals Tissue that extends from anterior portion of calcaneus to heads of metatarsals XC and track are more prone XC and track are more prone BKB and VB also susceptible BKB and VB also susceptible Pain and tenderness along heel Pain and tenderness along heel Cause by: Cause by: –Overuse –Unsupportive footwear –Tight Achilles tendon –Running on hard surfaces

Plantar Fasciitis Untreated: Untreated: –Bone imbalance leads to heel spurs –Muscle strains –Shin splints –Other problems