GLOBAL, REGIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL HEATH CONCERNS

I. Ozone depletion A. What is the ozone layer?

B. What is ozone depletion?

C. Effects of UV 1. Effects on people 2. Effects on crops & livestock 3. Effects on environment a. Fish & amphibians b. Algae & plankton c. Plants

III. Climate change A. Greenhouse effect 1. What is greenhouse effect? 2. Greenhouse gases 3. Carbon cycle 4. Greenhouse gas emissions

B. Evidence for climate change 1. Historical records a. Temperature b. CO2

2. Experimental evidence 3. Climate models

C. Potential effects of climate change 1. Environmental effects a. Polar ice caps & sea level

C. Potential effects of climate change 1. Environmental effects b. Ocean currents

C. Potential effects of climate change 1. Environmental effects b. Ocean currents

C. Potential effects of climate change 1. Environmental effects c. Rainfall patterns

C. Potential effects of climate change 1. Environmental effects d. Extreme weather events

e. Biodiversity & biogeography

f. pH of the oceans

2. Human health & economic effects a. Agricultural effects i. Increased CO2 levels ii. Rainfall & temperature b. Pests & dangerous animals

c. Diseases i. Mosquito vectors ii. Algal abundance iii. Growth of microorganisms & fungi iv. Consequences of changes in rainfall patterns v. Shellfish-related diseases d. Heat-related diseases

D. Climate change controversies 1. Arguments against climate change a. There is no climate change, period. b. It’s a conspiracy c. Natural cycles d. Models lack accuracy & precision

2. Arguments about not doing anything about climate change a. There is no climate change (see above) b. Its too late c. Its too costly d. Its too far in the future

3. Uncertainties about climate change a. Is it occurring now? b. What will be the magnitude? c. What will be effects? 4. Solutions to climate change

A. Effects of forests on ecosystem 1. Soil 2. Temperature 3. Water cycle & runoff 4. Oxygen cycle

B. Causes of deforestation 1. Urbanization 2. Agriculture 3. Wood products

C. Effects of deforestation 1. Soil 2. Temperature 3. Biodiversity 4. Deforestation & climate change

V. Loss of biodiversity A. Biological significance

V. Loss of biodiversity B. Economic & biomedical significance Teosinte, ancestor of modern corn

V. Loss of biodiversity C. Health significance

V. Loss of biodiversity D. Causes of loss of biodiversity a. Habitat disruption

V. Loss of biodiversity C. Causes of loss of biodiversity b. Pollution

V. Loss of biodiversity C. Causes of loss of biodiversity c. Introduced species

V. Loss of biodiversity C. Causes of loss of biodiversity d. Over exploitation

V. Loss of biodiversity C. Causes of loss of biodiversity e. Climate change

VIII. Global chemical contamination A. Examples B. Sources 1. Atmospheric transport 2. Water & ocean currents 3. Globalization