Electro Acoustical Sound System Guide Presented by eng. Kiril Yanev

Loudspeakers ●Electro-dynamic ●Electro-static ●Ribbon

Loudspeaker Enclosures ●Closed box ●Vented box ●Horn ●others (Baffle, Transmission line)

Parameters of the loudspeakers ●power ●sensitivity ●impedans ●directivity ●others Input ConnectionsScrew Terminal Frequency Response (-10 dB) ,000 Hz Internal CrossoverYes Sensitivity 1 W/1 m99 dB Max. SPL/1m (calc)129 dB Coverage (Nominal -6 dB) H 60/110 ° long throw/short throw Coverage (Nominal -6 dB) V 70/90 ° long throw/short throw System Power Handling (Continuous/Program/Peak) 250/500/1000 Watts LF Transducer12-inch HF Transducer 1.25-inch DH3/2010A compression driver (1-inch exit) Crossover Frequency2000 Hz Nominal Impedance (Passive)8 Ω

Parameters of the amplifiers ●power ●sensitivity ●voltage gain ●others ●Choosing the right amplifier (100V, low impedance) Amplifier Gain32 dB Continuous Rated Power (1 kHz, THD 1%) 4Ω 1100 Watts Continuous Rated Power (1 kHz, THD 1%) 8Ω 600 Watts Crosstalk < < -80 dB at 1,000 Hz Frequency Response ,000 Hz Impedance2/4/8 Ω Input Impedance (Balanced)20 kΩ Input Sensitivity+5.8 dBu Intermodulation Distortion (SMPTE) < 0.02 % Signal-to-Noise Ratio (A- weighted) 107 dB Slew Rate35 V/µs TopologyClass-H Total Harmonic Distortion< 0.05 %

Power amplifiers – 100 V line Amplifier’s output Is connected to step-up transformer. Every speaker part of the line has step- down transformer. The principle is the same as high voltage power distribution lines.

Grouping the loudspeakers ●Conventional loudspeakers

Grouping the loudspeakers ●Sound column ●Little space between transdusers –> good HF response ●Long length of the line –> good LF directivity

Grouping the loudspeakers Groupped conventional loudspeakers line array system

Sound System Guide - Halls Small installation – single center loudspeaker ●Small Hall ●Small Church ●School ●Classroom ●Presentations

Sound System Guide - Halls Small installation – left/right loudspeaker + mono subwoofer подходяща за малка зала ●Small church ●School ●Concert Hall ●Presentations

Sound System Guide - Halls Small installation surround ●Small hall ●School cinema ●Presentations

Sound System Guide - Halls Small installation – distributed ceiling speakers (100V) ●Exhibition ●Ballroom ●Conference hall

Sound System Guide - Halls Small installation – distributed ceiling speakers (100V) ●Exhibition ●Ballroom ●Conference hall

Sound System Guide - Halls Medium installation – central cluster with additional infills and balconfills ●Presentations ●Conference hall

Sound System Guide - Halls Medium installation – corridor type with several delay lines ●Evangellist church ●Conference hall ●Long halls

Sound System Guide - Halls Medium installation – with several groups of loudspeakers ●Conference hall ●University hall ●Suitable for wide halls

Sound System Guide - Halls Medium installation – sound column ●airports ●Conference hall ●Shopping malls ●Suitable for reverberant spaces

Sound System Guide - Halls Medium install – bar/disco with multiple zondes ●Discos ●Caffe ●Bars

Sound System Guide - Halls Big installation - hall ●Conference hall ●Multifunctional hall

Sound System Guide - Halls Big installation - theatre (groups of loudspeakers with special functionallity) ●Drama theatres ●Multifunctional halls

Sound System Guide - Halls Big installation - line array ●Concert hall ●Arena ●Long halls

Sound System Guide - Cinema Acoustical requirements: ●RT60 (500Hz)<0,8s ●Deviation from RT60 (500Hz) for other frequencies according to Dolby standart

Sound System Guide – Cinema Acoustical requirements: ●Without first reflections (difference from concert halls) ●Noise level: NC30-NC35 ●Sound proofing

Sound System Guide - Cinema Screen Loudspeakers: ●They must provide 105dB SPL at ⅔ of the length of the hall (simultanious work of the three channels provide approx 5dB more)

Sound System Guide - Cinema Screen loudspeakers:

Sound System Guide - Cinema Surround loudspeakers: number: (4 on the rear wall, 3-4 on the side walls) minimum (for small halls): 8 (2 on the rear wall, 3 on the side walls) directions: first row of surrounds at ⅔ from the rear wall last row at minimum 2-3 meters from the rear wall

Sound System Guide - Cinema Subwoofers: ●Use of 18” speakers ●number: one piece on every 675 cubic meters ●Always round-up to a bigger number ●Sometimes is appropriate to put more, just for bigger effect

Sound System Guide - Studio TV and Radio Studio: Hard requirements for noise (NC20-NC25) Functional scheme of Sound Recording Studio: 1. Control room 2. Live room 3. Dead room (voicover, vocals) 4. Machine room 5. Room for relax

Sound System Guide - Studio Sound recording studios (acoustics of the control room): ●RT60: 0,2-0,4s ●Without first reflections (Reflection Free Zone >20ms) ●Control of the standing waves (Bass Traping) ●LEDE (live end-dead end)

Thanks for your attention!!!