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Shifting Cultivation

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Content What is Shifting Cultivation How is it done When & where is it done The advantages & disadvantages Environment effects Bibliography

What is Shifting Cultivation? -It is an ancient farming method. -Farming system where farmers move on from one place to another when the land becomes exhausted. -An agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned.

Process of Shifting cultivation Clearing- Cut down most of the trees at the start of the dry season. Burning- Burn the trees that dry out and the burnt trees will become fertilizer for the soil.

Planting- Holes are made into the ground and drops few seeds of rice & vegetables into the holes. Harvesting- Crops are harvested if there has been sufficient rain for the plants to grow and mature. Moving on- After a few years of planting crops, the fertility of the soil declines, so they have to move to a new area and cleared & planted again.

Where is it done? When is it done? Shifting cultivation is widely used on : Grasslands Central Africa Northeastern South Africa Southeast China When is it done? When the sites become less fertile When the sites is invaded by weeds When the area is hard to plant the crops

Advantages and Disadvantages of Shifting Cultivation Easy to grow quickly Not long term Environmentally friendly because it is organic farming Not good for land that is used only for one type of crop   Not enough food Not cost effective Troublesome to move around all the time Difficult to prosper because everybody has to work for food.

Effects of Shifting Cultivation devastating and far-reaching in degrading the environment large-scale deforestation soil and nutrient loss invasion by weeds and other species Deforestation

Bibilography Books: 1957, The World Book Encyclopedia Volume1, p.149, World Book, Inc *This book is an encyclopedia on farming. It has only a short paragraph of describing the shifting cultivation. However, the paragraph include many important point of shifting cultivation.

Websites: Shifting Cultivation, Oct 20, 2007 http://library.thinkquest.org/26634/forest/farming/shiftcult.htm *The website has some description of shifting cultivation. It’s easy to understand Advantages & Disadvantages , Oct22, 2007 http://www.geocities.com/hamchinpeng/advantage.htm *There is a table that clearly shows the advantages and disadvantages. The table help us to understand easily and define them clearly. Rajiv Ranjan and V. P. Upadhyay 6 August 1999 .Ecological problems due to shifting cultivation 23 Oct 2007. http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/nov25/articles12.htm *The website have different ideas to decrease the effects of shifting cultivation and also point out some harmful effects of shifting cultivation.

Any Question?

Quiz Time~ 1. What are the 5 steps of shifting cultivation? 2. Which place is widely using shifting cultivation? 3. List 1 advantage & disadvantage

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