POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) By: Kaya Schaffner

Depressive Disorder Definition: when a person goes through two weeks of a depressed mood or loss of interest in pleasure. 15% of people have a depressive disorder in their lifetime.

Prevalence Rate 80% of people experience depression – usually lasts around three to four months In 12% of the cases, depression lasts for around two years.

Symptoms - Social environment or change - Negative events in a persons life - Stress - Genetic vulnerability, neurotransmitter malfunctioning, psychological problesm, evnts in life

Study Involving Depression Fernald and Gunnar (2008) o Participants: 639 Mexican mothers and children o Method: survey o Results: children of depressed mothers who lived in extreme poverty produce less cortisol – low level of cortisol also results in children inhibiting additional diseases (example: multiple sclerosis) o Conclusion: socio economic status does have an effect on physical and psychological health

Definition Inhibited from highly traumatic events such as being in a war. Effects: insomnia, hyperviligance or uncontrollable anger Can also have anhedonia (feeling of positive emotions)

Facts Davidson et al (2007) and Breslau et al (1998) – found that post traumatic sress disorder affects 15 – 24% of people who have experienced traumatic events. A significant amount of people were diagnosed with PTSD after 911 Most common types of trauma: personal attack (3%) – wounds (20%) and rape (50%) Also includes lost of a loved one.

Facts Davidson et al (2007) and Breslau et al (1998) – found that post traumatic sress disorder affects 15 – 24% of people who have experienced traumatic events. A significant amount of people were diagnosed with PTSD after 911 Most common types of trauma: personal attack (3%) – wounds (20%) and rape (50%) Also includes lost of a loved one.

PTSD and War Vietnam War: 30% of veterans experienced a disorder such as PTSD after returning from Vietnam Veterans also inhibit PTSD from other wars such as the Korean and the Gulf War.

Symptoms Affective: emotion, anhedonia Behavioral: flashbacks; nightmares Cognitive: trouble concentrating, troubling memories & hyperarousal Somatic: body pain; insomnia; rergession in some children -> loss of skills inherited during childhood

Prevalence Rate 1-3 % Lifetime prevalence- men: 5% and women 10%.