John Hancock Smuggling Ship building Self-government Protection (strongest navy in the world) Tobacco monopoly Middle men Strict manufacturing laws “economic adolescence” Lack of banking institutions AB AP US HISTORY BELL WORK

George Grenville… Prime Minister French & Indian War debt 1763-Enforcement of Navigation Acts 1764-Sugar Act- first law passed to raise revenue from the colonies 1765-Quarting Act (housing of troops) 1765-Stamp Act (requiring stamps on commercial & legal docs- including cards) STEPS TO REVOLUTION

Courts used to enforce Sugar and Stamp Acts No jury Burden of proof is on the defendants Why were the Quartering Acts needed? No French and the Pontiac’s Rebellion had been crushed? ADMIRALTY COURTS & QUARTERING ACTS

English political tradition… rights of Englishmen (Magna Carta, Petition of Right, English Bill of Rights etc.) Taxation without representation Only elected representative could tax Virtual representation? Legislation vs taxation Stamp Act Congress COLONIAL RESPONSES

Stamp Act Congress unifying group that states the rights of colonists Others protests included home spun clothes- boycotts of British goods Sons & Daughters of Liberty… “Liberty, Property and No Stamps!” Protests- mob attacks COLONIAL RESPONSE CONT.

Non-enforcement- resignation of officials. Boycotts hurt British trade (1/4 of British goods) Parliament repeals Stamp Act But… pass the Declaratory Act- bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever BRITISH RESPONSE

An obvious drinker- but still gave speeches in Parliament Townsend Acts Taxes were indirect customs taxes (outside of English control) Suspension of NY legislature- violated the Quartering Act “CHAMPAGNE CHARLEY” TOWNSEND

Outcries due to the fact the taxes were used to pay royal governors Smuggling (especially tea) Protests met with British troops sent to the colonies- Boston March 5, Boston Massacere 11 killed including Cripus Atticks Trial- John Adams represents the troops (two guilty of manslaughter- the others were branded) RESPONSES

Townsend Acts repealed (increasingly due to a loss of revenue) But… a tea tax remained Samuel Adams (penman of the Revolution) organizes the Committees of Correspondence From Boston, more C of C’s sprouted colonially LORD NORTH

Facing bankruptcy- needed to sell unsold tea Awarded a monopoly in the colonies- would be cheaper than smuggled tea Tea Parties take place all over- most famous is in Boston BRITISH EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY

1774- passed a series of Repressive Acts Boston Port Act Chartered laws abolished and town meetings banned Trials for murdered colonists by British officials are held in England Quebec Act- Canada guaranteed Catholic rights, drew Canadian borders INTOLERABLE ACTS

Set a precedent- drawing borders and allowing for Catholics in a predominately Protestant North America Continental Congress meets for the first time in 1774 COLONIAL RESPONSE

Created a Declaration of Rights Appeals to the King Complete boycott- but not a declaration of Independence… will meet again later 1 ST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

Reject the appeals… Detachment of troops sent to Lexington & Concord to obtain weapons cache BRITISH REACTION