Exam 1 Review (Units 1 & 2) 1

2 Such as Made up from Gets energy from Builds genetic codes with Such as and Stores energy in Builds cells with Which may be Also used to form Biomolecules membranes Linked by Made up of and RNA containing Bases and Pentose sugars From plants And grazing animals get energy from Cellulose From animals Saturated Fats Amino acids Carbohydrates DNA Fats, oils Lipids Nucleic acids Nucleotides Peptide bonds Proteins Sugars Starches Unsaturated fats Carbohydrates sugars starches Lipids Fats & oils proteins Unsaturated fats Amino acids Peptide bonds Nucleic acids nucleotides DNA

3 1. What substance do people lack if they are unable to metabolize certain foods?

4 Enzymes

5 2. Which biomolecule is used for energy only after lipids & carbohydrates have been depleted?

6 Proteins

7 3. What are some examples of lipids?

8 Waxes, oils, fats

9 4. What are groups of cells that have to work together to allow an organ to function called?

10 Tissues

11 5. What group in an experiment is used for comparison/ standard?

12 Control group

13 6. What do you call compounds that contain the element carbon and/or have hydrogen bonds?

14 BiomoleculesMacromolecules Organic molecules Polymers

15 7. What level of biological organization contains different populations interacting together?

16 Community

17 8. What are subunits bonded together to make large carbon compounds (polymers)?

18 Monomers

19 9. Complete the following analogy: Big : Little :: ______ : Monomer

What is the meaning of the prefix poly-?

21 Many

Amino acids link to make this polymer.

23 Protein

How does changing pH or increasing temperature affect the action of an enzyme?

25 Slows the enzyme activity down & the reaction would stop

Which biomolecule functions in transport, structure & regulating enzymes?

27 Proteins

Macromolecules that can store the most energy are…

29 Lipids

The monomer for carbohydrates is…

31 Monosaccharides(sugars)

What do amino acids build?

33 Proteins

What is the MOST important element in biomolecules?

35 Carbon

Temperature, pH & concentration can effect which type of protein?

37 Enzymes

Fatty acids are long chains of this macromolecule…

39 Lipids

List the top five most common elements in biomolecules

41 CHOPN Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen

Enzymes are this type of macromolecule

43 Protein

RNA & DNA are which type of biomolecule?

45 Nucleic acids

Nucleotides make up ______.

47 Nucleic acids

Reactant catalyzed by an enzyme is…

49 Substrate

Which biomolecule is responsible for digesting food & breaking down glucose?

51 Proteins (enzymes)

How is a hypothesis written?

53 If, then, because…

Suzie Q wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. She believes that plants can survive best in white light. She buys 5 ferns of the same species, which are all the same age & height. She places one in the white light, one in blue light, one in green light, one in red light and one in the closet. All of the ferns are planted in Miracle-Gro & given 20ml of water once a day for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, Suzie observes the plants & makes measurements. What is the dependent variable?

55 Growth of the plants

Suzie Q wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. She believes that plants can survive best in white light. She buys 5 ferns of the same species, which are all the same age & height. She places one in the white light, one in blue light, one in green light, one in red light and one in the closet. All of the ferns are planted in Miracle-Gro & given 20ml of water once a day for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, Suzie observes the plants & makes measurements. What is the independent variable?

57 Colors of light

Suzie Q wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. She believes that plants can survive best in white light. She buys 5 ferns of the same species, which are all the same age & height. She places one in the white light, one in blue light, one in green light, one in red light and one in the closet. All of the ferns are planted in Miracle-Gro & given 20ml of water once a day for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, Suzie observes the plants & makes measurements. List four constants?

59 Species of fern AgeHeight Type of soil Amount of water given Frequency of water given

Suzie Q wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. She believes that plants can survive best in white light. She buys 5 ferns of the same species, which are all the same age & height. She places one in the white light, one in blue light, one in green light, one in red light and one in the closet. All of the ferns are planted in Miracle-Gro & given 20ml of water once a day for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, Suzie observes the plants & makes measurements. What is the control group?

61 Plant in the closet

Why are enzymes considered picky proteins?

63 They are specific to one substrate

What are some examples of organs?

65 Heart, stomach, intestines, lungs, liver

What is the function of carbohydrates?

67 Provide energy

What are the functions of lipids?

69 Insulation Energy STORAGE Cell membrane

What is the function of nucleic acids?

71 Direct cell processes

What is the optimal temperature for enzyme B?

73 About 60 ◦ C (where the peak is)

How are polymers created?

75 MANY monomers bonded together to form a chain

How would a reaction be affected if the enzyme concentration was increased?

77 More substrates broken down = more products

What kind of bond joins amino acids together to make proteins?

79 peptide

Which statement is false? Enzymes are sensitive to ph & temp change Enzymes are sensitive to ph & temp change Enzymes can only work on one substrate Enzymes can only work on one substrate Enzymes are changed by the reactions they catalyze Enzymes are changed by the reactions they catalyze Enzymes break down substrates Enzymes break down substrates