Biology 11/12 Warm up: Draw and name each shape of bacteria below: Today’s activities: Introduction to online testing environment Students log on to online testing environment Students complete online practice test. For those without log in: p.493 #1-11 for review of concepts is the replacement assignment.

Biology 11/6 Warm up: What is an endospore? Today’s activities: Bacteria video/discussion/Mini quiz Due today: -Warm up questions -Notes -Poster -p.477 #1-6 -Define all bold terms in pages

Biology 11/5 Warm up: What is a saprobe (saprophyte)? Today’s activities: Prokaryotic cells video/discussion Mini quiz p.477 #1-6 due Wed Define all bold terms in pages due Wed

Biology 11/4 Warm up: Write down everything you know about prokaryotic cells. Today’s activities: Prokaryotic cells video/discussion Mini quiz Poster assignment

Biology 10/31 Warm up: No warm up sheet needed this week Today’s activities: Revisit old test Video: Mythbusters “Fright Night” episode

Biology 10/25 Warm up: What are the benefits and challenges of the “green revolution”? (see page 142) Today’s activities: Video Natural resources Work time on assignments (packet due today)

Biology Assignments Due 10/25 Warm up questions / Score sheet Study Guide packet P.127 #1-5 (periods 1 and 3 only…per 6 turned this in last week) P.135 #12-23 (periods 1 and 3 only…per 6 turned this in last week) Read pages write a 3 sentence summary of each subsection (9 subsections)

Biology 10/24 Warm up: What are 3 things that humans can do to reduce CO 2 in the atmosphere? Today’s activities: Standards test After test: -Read page …write a 3 sentences summary of each subsection (9 subsections). Due Friday

Biology 10/23 Warm up: In ecosystems, why does just a small percentage of plant biomass get converted into animal biomass? Today’s activities: Practice test (mini-quiz) Yesterday: Work time on study guide (you can use this on the test)

Practice question #1 Which organisms are : Primary Consumers (1 st order) Primary producers Tertiary Consumers (3 rd order) Secondary Consumers (2nd order) Grass Grass Hopper Woodpecker Hawk

Practice question #2 Label each organism as one of the following categories: –herbivore –autotroph –carnivore Grass Grass Hopper Woodpecker Hawk

Practice Question #3 Explain why there is less energy/biomass stored in each trophic level as you move “up” the energy/biomass pyramid. Hint: Why isn’t it all converted into new biomass? How much energy/biomass is available at each level compared to the producers?

Practice Question #4 From the food web above, place each organism into the correct category: -carnivores -herbivores -omnivores -parasite -autotrophs

Practice question #5

Practice question #6 5.) Describe 1 example (from nature) of each of the following relationships (discuss which organism(s) gain benefit/harm) Mutualism: Commensalism: Parasitism: Competition Predation

Practice question #7 Humans affecting ecosystems: Choose one organism in this ecosystem to be harmed by a human action. (hunting, pollution, habitat destruction, etc.) Explain how other organisms will be affected by lack of competition, lack of predation, etc. Which organisms are helped, which are hurt? (include discussion of at least 2 other organisms in this ecosystem)

Practice question #8 Using the information in the diagram, explain 3 things humans could do to reduce CO 2 in the atmosphere.

Practice question #9 Using the information from the diagram, describe 2 natural ways to add nitrogen in the soil without using man-made fertilizer.

Biology 10/22 Warm up: Describe 1 density-dependent limiting factor for a population and Describe 1 density-independent limiting factor for a population. Today’s activities: Work time on study guide (you can use this on the test) Yesterday: p.127 #1-5 p.135 #12-23 due Friday

Biology 10/21 Warm up: Choose a biological cycle and explain at least 5 parts of the cycle and how they are connected in the cycle. (you may draw/label this if you wish) Today’s activities: Work time on review questions p.127 #1-5 p.135 #12-23 PERIOD 6: Final day to type cycles project.

Biology Assignments Due 10/18/13 Warm up sheet Notes P.80 #1-6 Page 127 #1-5 (6 th period only) Page 135 #12-23 (6 th period only) Ecology project (due Friday 1,3 period)

Biology 10/18 Warm up: Explain one way that humans are affecting ecosystems. Today’s activities: Video clips (cycles, carrying capacity, etc.)/ notes p.80 #1-6

Biology 10/17 Warm up: no warm up Today’s activities: 1,3 periods: Work time on project Period 6: p.127 #1-5 and p.135 #12-23 due Friday (6 th period will have one more day of work time on project on Monday)

Biology 10/16 Warm up: no warm up Today’s activities: Work time on project

Biology 10/15 Warm up: no warm up Today’s activities: Work time on project

Biology 10/14 Warm up: Why does the energy in food webs become reduced in higher trophic levels? (Why doesn’t it all get converted into biomass?) Today’s activities: Mini-quiz: review of last week’s topics Notes + practice mini-quiz

Review Mini-Quiz 10/14 1. Define “primary producer” 2. Define “omnivore” 3. Define “detritivore” 4.Which level of the energy/biomass pyramid contains the most energy/biomass? 5.) Which level of the energy/biomass pyramid contains the least energy/biomass?

Community interactions

29 Community Interactions: Symbiosis A close and permanent association between organisms of different species Commensalism – a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected Example: Barnacles on a whale

30 Community interactions Mutualism – a relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other Example: Birds eating pest off a rhino’s back Parasitism – A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed Example: Ticks on a dog

31 Community interactions Competition - a relationship where both organisms compete for the same energy source Example: a rabbit and a deer competing for grass, plants competing for light Predation - a relationship where one organism preys upon another Example: a wolf hunting a rabbit

Community interactions summary Table 53.1

Notes Mini-Quiz 10/14 1. Give an example of organisms who engage in mutualism. 2. Give an example of organisms who engage in commensalism. 3. Give an example of organisms who engage in parasitism. 4. Give an example of organisms who engage in competition. 5. Give an example of organisms who engage in predation.

Biology 10/10 Warm up: In ecology, what does it mean if an organism is a consumer? Today’s activities: Notes + practice mini-quiz Read page Food web posters due Today

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS and the Transfer of Energy in Ecosystems Which animals are at each level? What type of ecological niche do they each belong to?

Ecological Pyramids: graphs which illustrate the trophic levels in a community.

Most ecological pyramids are large at the base and narrow at the top. This is because every time that an organism is eaten by the next trophic level, some of the energy is lost as heat. More Energy Less Energy

3 TYPES OF PYRAMIDS: 1. Pyramid of Biomass 2. Pyramid of Energy 3. Pyramid of Numbers

Pyramid of Biomass: Illustrates the amount of biomass in each trophic level –Biomass weight is determined after dehydration Shows the amount of matter lost between trophic levels. Measured in Kg, grams or pounds

Pyramid of Biomass

Pyramid of Energy: Shows the energy available at each trophic level. –The size of the blocks represents the proportion of productivity –Measured in Joules or Calories

Pyramid of Energy: Most of the energy available to the community is in the 1st trophic level. Only 10-20% of the energy is available to the next trophic level (≈ 90% lost)

Pyramid of Numbers: Illustration of the number of organisms at each level

What kind of Pyramid is this? Energy, the trophic levels are measured in Kilocalories

How can more people be supported on Earth when there is a limited supply of resources? Human Population Growth It depends on what they are eating…

Mini-Quiz 10/10 1. What does a biomass pyramid illustrate? 2. If a 150 pound animal ate nothing but plants, estimate how many pounds of plant material it takes to build 150 pounds of animal biomass. 3. If a 150 carnivore ate nothing but herbivores, estimate how many pounds of plant material it takes to build 150 pounds of carnivore biomass. 4. Which category of organisms contain the most biomass on a biomass pyramid? 5. Which category of organisms contain the least biomass on a biomass pyramid?

Biology 10/9 Warm up: In ecology, what does it mean if an organism is a producer? Today’s activities: Notes + practice mini-quiz Read page Food web posters due Thursday

Food Chains and Food Webs

What is a food chain? A food chain is “a sequence of organisms, each of which uses the next, lower member of the sequence as a food source”

Important facts about food chains In a food chain each organism obtains energy from the one at the level below. Plants are called producers because they create their own food through photosynthesis

Primary Producers Primary producers are “organisms capable of producing their own food” We can also say that they are photosynthetic, use light energy.

Primary Producers Examples of primary producers include algae, phytoplankton, and large plants. Primary producers are eaten by primary consumers (herbivores)

Important facts about food chains Animals are consumers because they cannot create their own food, they must eat plants or other animals to get the energy that they need.

Four types of consumer Herbivores: animals that eat only plants. Carnivores: animals that eat only other animals. Omnivores: animals that eat animals and plants. Detritivores: Animals that eat dead materials and organic wastes

Other Ways to Classify Consumers 1.Primary Consumers: Herbivores 3. 2.Secondary Consumers: Carnivores that eat herbivores 3. 3.Tertiary Consumers: Carnivores that eat other carnivores 3.

Mini-Quiz 10/ examples of producers 2. 2 examples of herbivores 3. 2 examples of carnivores 4. 2 examples of omnivores 5. 2 examples of detritivores

Biology 10/8 Warm up: What is the definition of ecology? Today’s activities: 2 nd attempt: Standards Test “Biological Molecules” Read page Food web posters due Thursday

Biology 10/7 Warm up: What is the most difficult thing about tests? Today’s activities: Revisit Standards Test “Biological Molecules” Video notes/ Ecosystem poster

Negative feedback loops : Response in which just the right amount of correction is applied in the most timely manner can be very stable, accurate, and responsivefeedback loops

Biology 10/4 Warm up: What is the definition of a biological population? Today’s activities: Assembly assignment packet Presentations/ Notes / Video: Oceans. Resource Link about organ systems: excretory-and-musculoskeletal-systems.html

Biology Assignment Packet due 10/4/13 Warm up 9/30-10/4 Warm up 9/23-27 “Organization of Living Things” worksheet packet p.63 define vocabulary words p.65 #1-5 Worksheet Packet (chapter 3)