M. Gelfand, Y. Gulyaev, N. Kuznetsov, Y. Obuhov Kharkevich Institute of RAS Kotel’nikov IRE RAS

Bioinformatics computer description of the structure of biological objects and processes running in them

We will classify all research held in field of bioinformatics under three categories  New diagnostic methods based on measurements and analysis of physical fields of human beings;  Expert systems for diagnostics and prediction of medical treatment results;  Computational biology.

New diagnostic methods based on measurements and analysis of physical fields of human beings ;

PORTABLE THERMOGRAPH IRTIS-2000(IRE RAS, IRTIS Co.) IRTIS-2000 (IRE RAS, IRTIS Co.) InfraRed Thermal Imaging Systems

IRTIS-2000 parameters IR sensor Cooling Spectral Responce InSb, HgCdTe Liquid Nitrogen 8-12 or 3-5 microns Sensitivity at 30 °C Field of view Spatial resolution Measuring temperature range Temperature measurement accuracy Frame resolution Frame formation time Autonomous working time Battery Power consumption WeightDimensions 0,05 °C (0,02 °C) 25x20 degrees 2 mrad -40 до +200 °C ±1 °C or ± 1 % 256(512)x256 pixels 1.5 sec (0.6 sec) 5 hours 6 V 1,2 W 1,4 kg 92х125x200 mm

Cancer diagnostics, Glucose test Russian Cancer Center Black cancer 3-d stage of mamma cancer

Osteochondrosis rachis Thrombophlebitis Postinsultsituation Cirsoid extension of veins

Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronicsof RAS Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronics of RAS Medical multichannel radiothermograph Reaction to the glucose test in the case of right lung cancer The red area corresponds to the raised temperature. Temperature diagrams in symmetric points are presented. Акусторадиометр в ЦКБ РАН

Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronicsof RAS Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronics of RAS Medical multichannel radiothermograph Application for differential diagnostics of oncological diseases Basic parameters: Number of channels - 12 Working wave length sm Fluctuation sensitivity - 0,1 K for 2 sec

Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronicsof RAS Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronics of RAS Medical multichannel radiothermograph Reaction to the glucose test in the case of right lung cancer The red area corresponds to the raised temperature. Temperature diagrams in symmetric points are presented.

7- and 9-channel MCG-systems of the series «MAG-SCAN» operate at clinical conditions without any additional magnetic shielding. MCG-systems of the family “MAG-SCAN”

Registration of MCG-signals The 9 measuring SQUID channels are arranged in a “rectangular” (3×3) nodes configuration. Each of the four 9-channel measurements takes about a minute, averaging about 60 cycles. An area of 20 × 20 cm2 over the patient’s chest is covered. A patient is moved from one position to the other on a movable bed under the stationary dewar with sensors. The magnetic field signal waveform and amplitude (the green traces) are seen to differ for different measuring positions, with the strongest signal for positions closer to the heart.

Patient “A” with confirmed IHD, before treatment, the ST interval. Normal subject

First testing of MCG systems of series “MAG-SCAN” in several hospitals demonstrated the following: 1) Reliable MCG systems operating in an unshielded environment are available for real clinical use now; 2) MCG systems “MAG-SCAN” include the package of special software for evaluation of the set of MCG parameters with an additional information about electrical phenomenon in human myocardium; 3) Primary classification of obtained results indicated the difference of evaluated parameters (such as maps of the magnetic field distribution, coordinates of the dipole source, characteristics of the vector of the maximal current density at the given moment of time) for subjects with cardiac pathologies and healthy subjects.

The electroconductivity of biological tissues is sensitive indicator of their physiological condition. In particular, malignant growths, inflammations, edemata are accompanied by significant increase of electroconductivity. The electroimpedance tomograph provides nonivasive imaging of electroconductivity distribution in the cross-section of a body, defined by the position of belt with electrodes. The weak variable electric current is used for sounding. Use of all electrodes by turns as active (current) and passive (potential) allows to receive a data set, sufficient for the decision of an inverse problem and reconstruction of the image. Electroimpedance computer tomograph

Tumour diagnostics The impedance tomogramX-ray picture Lung with malignant tumour Healthy lung Electroconductivity of tumours and adjacent tissues, is essentially higher than the electroconductivity of healthy tissues. This fact is used for diagnostics of lungs and other organs.

Electroimpedance computer mammograph 1 – matrix of electrodes 2 – the general electrodes 1 2 Instrument Cut 1... Cut n Electroimpedance mammograph allows to visualize three-dimensional distribution of electroconductivity in subsurface areas (~5 сm, using a plane matrix with 256 electrodes. For convenience, the results are represented in the form of a set of cross-sections (cuts).

Tumour diagnostics Normal (the left breast) Carcinoma (the right breast)

Expert systems for diagnostics and prediction of medical treatment results

structure of information systems for diagnosis of disease analysis of clinical data choice of informative parameters Construction of the recognition system with the teacher

Structure of information system prediction of medical treatment results analysis of clinical data choice of informative parameters construction of a mathematical model of the prediction of medical treatment results

Development of methods, algorithms and software for such systems is carried out mainly by the institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), such as: Dorodnicyn Computing Centre RAS, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems RAS, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics RAS, Program Systems Institute RAS, Institute for System Programming RAS, Institute of Control Sciences RAS, Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS, Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS, Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS, Image Processing Systems Institute RAS, St.Petersburg Institute for Infromatics and Automation RAS, -

as well as universities and institutes of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation: Lomonosov Moscow State University, St.Petersburg State University, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University etc. Support is provided by institutes of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, institutes of the Branch of Biological Sciences of RAS and other medical and healthcare institutions. Separately shall be mentioned research in the field of development of expert systems for space medicine and telemedicine. In this field the leading institution is the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation – Institute of Bio-Medical Problems RAS.

Computational biology