© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1 تقنيات الانترنت Chapter 2

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2 Internet Communications Examples: 1.Instant Messaging 2.Podcasts 3.Webcasts 4.Wikis 5.Voice over Internet (VoIP) 6. للاختبار حفظ 3 تعداد

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 3 Internet Communications Group communication ExampleGroup communication Example 1.Social network 2.Multiplayer online games 3.Chat rooms 4.Newsgroups 5.Listservs للاختبار حفظ 3 تعداد

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 4 Instant Messaging 1.Real-time text- based conversations 2.Contacts must be online

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 5 Podcasts Podcasts: Compressed audio/video files distributed on the InternetPodcasts: Compressed audio/video files distributed on the Internet

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 6 Webcasts and Wikis Webcast: Broadcast of audio/visual content over the InternetWebcast: Broadcast of audio/visual content over the Internet –Not updated automatically –Use streaming media Wiki: Web site that allows anyone to change its contentWiki: Web site that allows anyone to change its content –provide source for collaborative writing

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7 Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) 1.VoIP: Using the Internet to place phone calls 2.send voice data digitally 3.Requires a microphone, an Internet connection, and a VoIP provider

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 8 Electronic mailElectronic mail accounts accounts –Client-based –Web-based

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 9 Social Networks Social networks: online personal networks Ex. Facebook.com Members share common interests Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, video, and blogs Members create personalized profiles

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10 Chat Rooms Real-time text-based conversationsReal-time text-based conversations Identity protectionIdentity protection –Username

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 11 Newsgroups and Listservs NewsgroupsNewsgroups –Online discussion forums –Members post and reply to messages –Create or respond to “threads” ListservsListservs – –Electronic mailing lists of addresses of people interested in a topic –Threads are sent as s –Less public than newsgroups

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 12 Web Entertainment Multimedia:Multimedia: –Involves forms of media and text GraphicsGraphics AudioAudio VideoVideo

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 13 Navigating the Web: Web Browsers Computer softwareComputer software GraphicalGraphical Enables Web navigationEnables Web navigation Popular browsers:Popular browsers: –Internet Explorer, Firefox, safari

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 14 Web includes: 1.Web sites 2.URLs 3.Hyperlinks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 15 Web Sites Web site:Web site: –Collection of related Web pages –First page known as Home or Index page Web page:Web page: –HTML document Text and graphicsText and graphics –Unique address –Hyperlinks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 16 URLs URL: (Uniform Resource Locator)URL: (Uniform Resource Locator) URL

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 17 Hyperlinks

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 18 Clients and Servers The Internet is a client/server network Client computer:Client computer: –Users connected to the Internet –Requests data and Web pages Server computer:Server computer: –Stores Web pages and data –Returns the requested data to the client IP addressesIP addresses

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 19 Connecting to the Internet Dial-up connectionsDial-up connections Broadband connectionsBroadband connections –Cable –Satellite –DSL

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 20 Broadband Connections CableCable –Uses coaxial cable and a cable modem –Fast connection speed –Speed depends on number of users –Not available in all areas Coaxial cable

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 21 Broadband Connections Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) –Uses telephone lines –Faster than dial-up –Doesn’t tie up line –Requires special DSL modem

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 22 Broadband Connections Fiber optic InternetFiber optic Internet –Sends light through fiber optics –Fast –Expensive –Only available in certain areas

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 23 Broadband Connections SatelliteSatellite –Uses a satellite dish and coaxial cable – –Almost anyone in the U.S. can receive satellite service –Signal is affected by location and weather

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 24 Dial-Up Connections Uses standard telephone lineUses standard telephone line Requires a modem to convert analog and digital signalsRequires a modem to convert analog and digital signals Slowest connection speed (56K)Slowest connection speed (56K)

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 25 The Origin of the Internet ARPANETARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 26 The Web vs. the Internet The Web is part of the Internet distinguished by:The Web is part of the Internet distinguished by: –TCP/IP –HTML –hyperlinks