Lawrence G. Roberts CEO Anagran September 2005 ARPANET History
Copyright Anagran 2005 Packet Switching History Redundancy Routing Economics Topology Queuing Protocol Experiment INTERNET 3 nodes Len Kleinrock MIT Paul Baran Rand Roberts & Marill MIT TX-2-SDC 2 Node Exp Larry Roberts ARPA Davies & Scantlebury NPL One Node Book “Communication Nets” IEEE paper FJCC Paper J.C.R. Licklider - Intergalactic Network Donald Davies NPL ACM paper IFIP paper ACM paper SJCC Paper ARPANET Program RLE Report Rand Report IEEE papers
Copyright Anagran 2005 The Beginning of the ARPANET 1965 – MIT Experimental Two Computer Experiment (ARPA Funded) – Packets over Dial Telephone Network 1 Proved Circuit Switching too slow, unreliable and expensive Packet Network Proposed by Roberts Queuing Theory – Len Kleinrock Packet Structure from Experiment Computer Interface from Experiment Roberts moved to ARPA ARPANET Planned All ARPA Research Sites pushed to join network and share computer power 1968 – RFP for Packet Switch won by BBN 1969 – Graduate Student Team to design host- host protocol: Led by Steve Crocker Vint Cerf on team 1.“Toward a Cooperative Network of Time-Shared Computers”,Roberts & Marill, Fall Joint Computer Conference, SF, California, November “Multiple Computer Networks and Intercomputer Communication, Lawrence Roberts, ” ACM Symposium, Gatlinburg, Tennessee, October 1967.
Copyright Anagran 2005 ARPANET Program Plan
Copyright Anagran 2005 ARPANET Logical Structure
Copyright Anagran 2005 Internet Early History TCP/IP NCP FTP ICCC Demo Aloha-Packet Radio SATNET - Satellite to UK Spans US Ethernet DNS PacketRadioNET “ Internet ” Name first used- RFC 675 TCP/IP Design X.25 – Virtual Circuit standard Roberts term at ARPA Kahn term at ARPA Cerf term at ARPA
Copyright Anagran 2005 ARPANET in 1971 ARPANET Nodes
Copyright Anagran 2005 From: “Data by the Packet,” IEEE Spectrum, Lawrence Roberts, Vol. 11, No. 2, February 1974, pp Packet Switching – 1969 Cost Crossover
Copyright Anagran 2005 NAE Draper Award Laureates February 20 th, 2001 Roberts Kahn Kleinrock Cerf
Copyright Anagran 2005 US Internet Traffic ARPANET NSFNET Commercial