S OLIDS, L IQUIDS, AND G ASES OH MY !!! By: Daja Dampeer and Devonta Dickey Chapter 3 Sections 1-4

S OLIDS What makes a solid a solid??? a) Has to have a definite shape b) Has to have a definite volume c) Has particles that are fixed and tightly packed together d) The particles vibrate or move back and forth slowly

THE TYPES OF SOLIDS crystalline solids  examples: salt, sugar, and even snow  are solids that are made up of crystals and has a regular repeating pattern amorphous solids  examples: plastics, rubber, and glass  are solids that does not have a regular repeating pattern, and becomes softer and change into a new substances but does not melt

L IQUIDS What makes a liquid a liquid? a) Has to have a definite volume b) Has NO definite shape of its own c) Has particles that move freely which makes a liquid a fluid

P ROPERTIES OF L IQUIDS  Surface tension is the result of an inward pull among the molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together  Viscosity is a liquid’s resistance to flowing (it depends on the size and shape of its particles and attractions between particles

G ASES  What makes a gas a gas? a) Has NO definite shape or volume b) Has particles that move freely and fills the space of a room or container that is available c) It is also known as a fluid.

C HANGES OF S TATE

G AS B EHAVIOR M EASURING G ASES Volume- The measurements used to measure the volume of an object are: centimeters (cm³), milliliters (mL), Liter (L), and other units. Formula to find volume is length x width x height. Temperature-the measure of the average energy of random motion of the particles of a substance. Pressure- the number of times particles hit the surface of a substance. The formula to find the pressure of an object is: Pressure: Force/Area Square length width height

B OYLE ’ S L AW  Boyle’s Law When a pressure of a gas at constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases. When the pressure is decreased the volume increases. Boyle’s Law pressure goes up volume goes down pressure goes down volume goes up

C HARLES ’ S L AW  Charles’s Law When temperature of a gas is increased at constant pressure, its volume increases. When the temperature of a gas is decreased at constant pressure, its volume decreases. Temperature increases Volume increases Temperature decreases Volume decreased

G RAPHING G AS B EHAVIOR Graph - A diagram that tells how two variables, or factors change, and are related. A graph consist of a y-axis and an x-axis. The y- axis is labeled by the responding variable. The x-axis is labeled by the independent variable.

G RAPHING G AS B EHAVIOR The Charles’s Law always creates a graph that is directly proportional. Directly proportional- a term that is used to describe the relationship between two variables whose graph is a straight line passing through the origin (0,0). The Boyle’s Law always creates a graph that is vary inversely. Vary inversely- a graph of two variables that forms a curve.

W ORDS T O K NOW a) Solid b) Liquid c) Gas d) Pressure e) Boyle’s Law f) Charles’s Law

G LOSSARY 1. Solid- has definite shape and volume and has particles that are packed closely together 2. Liquid- has no definite shape but has definite volume and has particles that move easily and freely which makes it a fluid 3. Gas- has no definite shape or volume and particles move freely which is also a fluid 4. Pressure-the force of a gas’s outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container 5. Boyle’s Law- pressure goes up volume goes down pressure goes down volume goes up 6.Charles’s Law- temperature volume temperature volume

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