COGNITION DEFINITIONS: (find definitions in textbook – p. 19 & glossary) Sensation Perception Attention Memory EXPLANATIONS: Links between cognitive processes and behaviour Using information processing models to understand cognition and behaviour Modification of thoughts, feelings and behaviours by cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT).

Cognition Process (p. 19 of textbook)

Information Processing Model

Describe ways in which human cognitive processing can be related to the workings of a computer INFORMATION PROCESSING MODEL Computer Hardware Brain & Nervous System, sensory organs Software Mental Processes Fixed & limited Memory Capacity – Terabytes Very large but Fixed Memory Capacity – billion terabytes

LINK BETWEEN COGNITIVE PROCESSES AND BEHAVIOUR Identify a cognitive skill. ATTENTION How is this skill shown in a person’s behaviour? Empirical evidence showing cause (cognitive skill) and effect (behaviour) for attention is based on comparison between an individual who shows the behaviour and one who does not. Control: an individual with attention ability Experimental: an individual with attention deficit (ADHD)

LINK BETWEEN COGNITIVE PROCESSES AND BEHAVIOUR Cognitive Skill (Attention) present Cognitive Skill (Attention) absent Talks when appropriate Actions have purpose and are socially relevant Patience Talking excessively Restlessness, Hyperactivity Cannot wait for their turn Can focus on assigned tasks and find relevant information Controls response to stimuli and regulates behaviour during social interactions Inability to focus on a specific task or information Inability to control dominant or instinctive response

Behaviour Modification Strategies to Change Behaviour (e. g Behaviour Modification Strategies to Change Behaviour (e.g. in people with ADHD) Name and describe some behaviour modification strategies that can be used to change behaviour in people with ADHD. BEHAVIOUR CONTRACT (p. 344) TOKEN ECONOMIES (p 258-259) Behavioural Strategies like anger management, social skills training, self-control training, relaxation skills

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY (C. B. T COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY (C.B.T.) – modifying thoughts, feelings, behaviour (p466-467 of textbook) CBT is used to treat anxiety, shyness, obesity and many types of behaviour requiring changing a person’s thinking/interpretation/perception of events in their life. Identify and change negative thoughts associated with depressed feelings by learning how to replace negative thinking patterns with more positive ones. Focus on the positive things. The psychologist works with the patient to help identify activities they enjoy and motivating them to reinforce positive steps taken. CBT helps to give strategies to manage problems so that one does not get overwhelmed.

Explain using examples to differentiate Selective Attention from Divided Attention.

Habituation & Dishabituation Compare and Contrast Habituation and Dishabituation. Describe situations where each state is present.