Chapter 24 China, Mongolia, and Taiwan 7 th Grade Social Studies

CHAPTER 24 Section 1:Physical Geography Section 2:China’s History and Culture Section 3:China Today Section 4: Mongolia and Taiwan China, Mongolia, and Taiwan

Section 1: Physical Geography Continent View (Asia)

Comparing China and the U.S.

Locate  Himalyas (him a la ya)  Mt. Everest  Kunlun Mts. (Koon – loon)  Tian Shan (tyen shahn)  Plateau of Tibet  Taklimakan Desert (tah-kluh-mu-khan)

Locate  Tarim Basin (Dah- reem)  Gobi (Goh-bee)  North China Plain  Sichuan (Red) Basin (See-Chwahn)  Xi River (Shee)  Huang He (wong)  Chang River

Physical Map (p.535) 1. Travel could be difficult due to mountains, rivers, and vast deserts. 2. The largest three island countries are the Philippines, Japan, and Indonesia.

Physical Map (p.535) 3. Both China and Malaysia have land on both the mainland and the islands.

Physical/Population Maps (p ) 4. People might not live in western China because of the mountains and deserts; people live in eastern China because of the rivers and plains.

Why study China, Mongolia, and Taiwan?  Americans buy many goods that were produced in China and Taiwan; these countries are important trading partners of the United States  China has the largest population of any country  China’s strategic location and its status as a nuclear power influence the foreign policy of the United States.

Why study this region?  Mongolia and China have shaped world history, and China has made important cultural and technological contributions to the world

Political Map (p.536) 1. Mongolia shares a border with just one of the region’s other countries. 2. In SE Asia Laos is landlocked, in East Asia Mongolia is landlocked.

Political/Physical Maps (p ) 3. The Himalayas form the border of SW China; rivers also form borders in this region.

Climate Map (p.537) 1. Mongolia has a steppe climate. 2. The wet monsoons flow from south to north; the dry monsoons flow from north to south. S S N N

Climate Map (p.537) 3. This region has a variety of climates because it includes a wide variety of latitudes, landforms, and elevations.

Climate Map (p.537) 1. The South China Sea is stormy due to the warm climate and monsoon winds.

Population Map (p.538) 1. The population density in the area between Shanghai and Beijing is more than 520 people per square mile (200 per sq km)

Population/Physical Maps (p.538) 2. The Taklimakan Desert is the reason for the low population density in western China.

Physical Map (p. 535) 2. The largest three island countries are the Philippines, Japan, and Indonesia. 3. Both China and Malaysia have land on both the mainland and the islands.

Political Map  Which SE Asia country entirely on the mainland shares a border with just one of this region’s other countries?  It is the only landlocked country in SE Asia?

Comparing  Compare this map to the physical map of the region. Which physical feature forms a natural border of southwestern China?

Vocabulary  Dikes – High banks of earth or concrete built along waterfronts to help reduce flooding  Arable - Suitable for growing crops

Vocabulary  Emperor- A ruler of a large empire  Dynasty- A ruling family that passes power from one generation to the next  Porcelain- A type of very fine pottery  Martial law- Military rule  Pagodas- Buddhist temples

Vocabulary  Command economy- an economy where the government owns most industries and makes most economic decisions  Multiple cropping- 2 or 3 crops are raised each year on the same land  Most-favored-nation status- countries with this status get special trade advantages from the US

Vocabulary  Gers - (GURHZ) Large, circular tents that are easy to raise, dismantle, and move; used by nomadic herders in Mongolia What in this photo tells you about Mongolian life?

Main Ideas  The Plateau of Tibet between the Himalayas and the Kunlun Mts. is the world’s largest plateau. Mount Everest is the world’s tallest mountain and it is located on China’s border with Nepal.

Main Idea  The Huang, Chang, and Xi Rivers are 3 major rivers in eastern and southern China. The Huang affects the people of China because it often floods.  The Gobi and Taklimakan deserts are the regions driest areas.

SECTION 1 Physical Geography Southeastern coastal region Northwest Extreme northwest Humid and wet Dry Region Climate Type Desert

Geography of China (2:50)

Section 2: China’s History and Culture Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China  The Great wall of China was built to protect against northern invaders  Runs about 4500 miles east to west  Over 2000 years old  Joined together by the Qin dynasty

China’s Forbidden CityForbidden City  Located in the exact center of the ancient city of Beijing  Imperial Palace of the mid-Ming and Qin Dynasties

Forbidden City (8:06)

Museum of Heroes Mao Tse-tung or Mao Zedong was the chairman of the communist party of China

Main Ideas  The Qin dynasty built the Great Wall and recorded history. They also gave the country its name. The Han dynasty expanded the kingdom, extended the Great Wall, invented the compass, paper, and porcelain.

Main Idea  The Mao government took control of property, housing, and jobs. It gave women equal status, instituted one child family law and suppressed religion.

Main Idea  The government is now modernized and it turned parts of the economy over to private sectors.

SECTION 2 China’s History and Culture Features of Chinese Culture Lifestyle Values and Beliefs Languages Education highly valued One-child policy Government control of newspapers and telephone system Varied regional cuisines Taoism—emphasizes path that agrees with everyday concerns  Confucianism—respect for parents and rulers; parents and rulers act with justice  Buddhism—search for truth, knowledge, and enlightenment Seven major Chinese dialects Mandarin the official language

China: Past to Present Religion (16:56)

China: Past to Present (21:09)

Section 3: China Today

Main Ideas  Most people live in China’s eastern half because the western half is mostly desert and mountain ranges.

Main Idea  Most of China’s important cities are located along the Chang and Xi rivers because they began as trading ports.

Main Idea  By cutting terraces into hillsides and practicing multiple cropping the Chinese have been able to increase production.

SECTION 3 China Today Interior  Beijing—China’s capital, largest city in northern China  Nanjing—iron-ore and coal mines  Shanghai—China’s largest city, leading industrial center and a major seaport, much new construction  Wuhan—iron-ore and coal mines  Guangzhou—southern China’s largest city, major industrial city  Hong Kong—former British colony that maintains free-market economy, densely populated, a major seaport, major banking center, commerce, and tourism  Macao—former Portuguese colony, port  Chongqing—one of few large cities in China’s interior Eastern China

Section 4: Mongolia and Taiwan

Main Ideas  Most people in Mongolia earn a living by herding animals.  Taiwan has changed from an economy based on agriculture to one based on industry

Main Idea  A brief outline of the significant groups that have influenced Taiwan’s history. Chinese settle in 600s Japanese control in 1100s Chinese raiders drive out Europeans in 1600s Treaty gives Japan control in 1895 China gets control after WWII Chiang Kai-shek and nationalists flee to Taiwan

SECTION 4 Mongolia and Taiwan Population is 85% native Taiwanese. Dominated by Chinese ways Americans and Europeans have exerted influence in recent years. Japanese influenced building styles and some foods. TAIWAN’S CULTURE