Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza Results of the e-consultation: What Steps has South America Taken on REDD? Consuelo Espinosa Senior Forest and Climate Change Officer IUCN US / FCP From Barcelona to Copenhagen: equitable post 2012 agreement on climate change

Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza Main Topics 1.Approaches to address REDD 2.Elements for effective and fair implementation 3.Mechanisms and experiences aimed at reducing deforestation in South America

Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza Approaches to address REDD National or project based approach? Challenges National approaches: Forest governance and governability Effective incorporation of governments and States in the process. International leakage Challenges Project approaches limited success CDM forest Transaction costs Consensus on adv / opp national approach From Barcelona to Copenhagen: equitable post 2012 agreement on climate change

Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza Elements for effective and fair implementation Transparent and capable governance structures, robust accountability mechanisms and standards to strengthen participation in the design and implementation of REDD. Clarity about land tenure and rights of ownership and use of forest resources. Technical, financial and administrative capacity: to define baseline, to monitor land-use change, measure carbon emissions and sequestration, and identification of drivers of deforestation. From Barcelona to Copenhagen: equitable post 2012 agreement on climate change

Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza … continue Define national polices and agendas according to the countries’ interests and positions and mechanisms for implementation. Understanding of social and environmental impacts of specific national actions. Ensure fair compensation to communities. Promote and ensure stakeholder participation in negotiation and decision-making processes. From Barcelona to Copenhagen: equitable post 2012 agreement on climate change

Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza Mechanisms and experiences aimed at reducing deforestation in South America PES / CES schemes - lessons learned: –define criteria to prioritize the forests that will be paid or compensated based on both the services they provide and the level of threat to which they are exposed; –demonstrate the additionality of the actions to be carried out; –appropriately define the baseline in order to avoid creating perverse incentives –Guarantee adequate distribution of benefits –How to measure co-benefits? –How to demostrate the impact of REDD actions in the ecosystem health and livelihoods. From Barcelona to Copenhagen: equitable post 2012 agreement on climate change

Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza Thank you!! More details: From Barcelona to Copenhagen: equitable post 2012 agreement on climate change