UNIT - VETERINARY ASSISTING 2 LESSON 1: LABORATORY SKILLS – PART 2

LAB EQUIPMENT Refractomer – used to measurer specific gravity Urine Analysis Protein Concentration Blood Plasma Blood Smear Gramm Stain Gramm Postive Bacteria Gramm Negative Bacteria Use Crystal Violet Aerobic Bacteria Culture – grows with oxygen Anaerobic Bacterial Culture – grows without oxygen

WHAT ORGAN IS THIS AND WHAT IS WRONG WITH IT?

ANSWER Liver Cancer

CELLS VS. TISSUE Cytology Microscopic Study of Cells Histopathology Microscopic Study of Tissue Biopsy Test of cells or tissue Punch – used for skin Needle – used for masses on inner tissue Add Formalin and double bag

SOREMOUTH

FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE

SHEEP

PIGS

CATTLE

WHAT IS WRONG WITH THIS ARRANGEMENT?

DISPLACE ABOMASUM Gas in abomasum pulls it above rumen along side of cow Abomasum breaks down proteins, carbs, and fats Common after calf is born Also called twisted stomach Causes cows to decrease appetite, not as productive

METHODS TO FIX PROBLEM… 1.Roll the cow left to right 2.Roll cow onto it’s back 1.Use trocar to tie abomasum in place 3.Surgical Procedure 1.Open cow and suture abomasum in place 2.Most expensive but best method

SO…. HOW DOES THIS TIE INTO TISSUE All animals, especially mammals have four types of tissue Epithelial Connective (Tendon – muscle to bone) & (Ligament – bone to bone) Muscle Nerve Depending upon what tissue will need to be sown, will depend upon the method used to help an animal

FUNGAL CULTURES Dermatophyte Test Media – test hair roots Ringworm

Reservoir: Any surface contaminated with fungus Agent: Several kinds of fungus Transmission: Touching a contaminated surface such as cat or dog hair, brushes or combs, cows, horses, and other animals Human symptoms: Rash shaped in a ring on the skin, scalp, groin area, and feet Treatment: Medicated creams, keeping area clean and dry

RINGWORM

EXTERNAL PARASITES Mange Caused by microscopic mites that burrow beneath the skin. Causes severe itching Ivermectin is the insecticide of choice Ear Mites

QUESTIONS (OPEN NOTES) – 30 POINTS 1.What does a refractometer measure? 2.What substance do you use to determine if bacteria are Gramm Positive or Negative? 3.What type of bacteria culture grows in the presence of oxygen? 4.What is the study of tissue? 5.What is cancer? 6.What type of tissue is found in opening to the body? (this tissue is affected by foot & mouth disease) 7.When testing for skin fungus, what should you test? 8.How can you treat an animal with ringworm? 9.What insecticide can be applied to prevent mange? 10.What is a dog likely suffering from if they constantly itch their ears?