Renal function and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing ICD and CRTD implantation- Data from the Israeli ICD Registry Alon Eisen, Mahmoud Souleiman,

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Renal function and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing ICD and CRTD implantation- Data from the Israeli ICD Registry Alon Eisen, Mahmoud Souleiman, Boris Strasberg, Shlomit Ben-Zvi, Ilan Goldenberg, Natalie Gevrielov Yusim, Ron Sela, Shimon Rosenheck, Nahum A. Freedberg, Michael Geist, Michael Glikson, Moti Haim On behalf of the Israeli working group of pacing and electrophysiology of the Israel Heart Society Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel Tel Aviv university, Tel Aviv, Israel

Disclosures - None

Background Heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and the combination of both, augment the risk substanially. Heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and the combination of both, augment the risk substanially. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduce mortality in patients with HF and left ventricular dysfunction. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduce mortality in patients with HF and left ventricular dysfunction.

Background Most studies that demonstrated the benefits of these device therapies in HF have limited data regarding patients with CKD. Most studies that demonstrated the benefits of these device therapies in HF have limited data regarding patients with CKD. Due to sparse data, the impact of CKD on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing ICD and CRT implantation is controversial, as is the influence of device therapy on renal function. Due to sparse data, the impact of CKD on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing ICD and CRT implantation is controversial, as is the influence of device therapy on renal function.

Aim To examine the association between renal function and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing ICD and CRTD implantation

Methods Data were collected from the Israeli ICD registry. July October 2012 in 21 implanting centers in Israel. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was assessed using the MDRD formula. Baseline renal function was defined as the eGFR during the initial hospitalization of device implantation. Mean follow up- 353 days.

Outcomes Primary outcome: all cause mortality. Secondary outcomes: 1) Combined end point of death or ventricular arrhythmias. 2) Combined end point of death or hospitalization due to HF. 3) Appropriate ICD therapy of ventricular tachyarrhythmia. 4) Inappropriate ICD shocks.

Results A total of 2811 patients were included in the registry: A total of 2811 patients were included in the registry: o GFR<30 o GFR<30 ml/min/1.73m² patients (6.1%) o 60>GFR>30 o 60>GFR>30 ml/min/1.73m² patients (29.2%) o GFR>60 o GFR>60 ml/min/1.73m² patients (64.7%) Follow-up was available for 1148 patients and these patients were included in our study

ICD group (n=704) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=26) (n=178) (n=500) P value CRTD group (n=444) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=28) (n=162) (n=254) P value Male20 (77.0)140 (78.6)442 (88.4)< (78.6)137 (84.6)194 (76.4)NS Age (mean±SD)70.6 ± ± ± 12.7< ± ± ±11.0<0.001 Hypertension18(69.2)112 (62.9)264 (52.8)< (75.0)118 (72.8)154 (60.6)0.03 Diabetes10 (38.5)76 (42.7) 145 (29.0) (75.0)89 (54.9)103 (40.6)<0.001 Atrial Fibrillation8 (30.7)49 (27.5)77 (15.4)< (21.4)61 (37.7)42 (16.5)<0.001 NYHA II,III19 (73.1) )249 (49.8)< (85.2)158 (97.5)243 (95.7)NS IHD24 (92.3)158 (88.7)397 (79.4) (82.1)132 (81.5)161 (63.4)<0.001 Prior CABG12 (46.1)78 (43.8)143 (28.6) (39.2)61 (37.7)75 (29.5)NS EF<30%15 (57.7)74 (41.6)196 (39.2) (66.7)129 (79.6)210 (82.7)NS Prior HF22 (84.6)130 (73.0)318 (63.6) (96.4)160 (98.7)250 (98.4)NS Non ischemic CM4 (15.4)28 (15.7)86 (17.2)NS3(10.7)39 (24.1)104 (40.9)<0.001 Baseline characteristics

ECG and device characteristics ICD group (n=704) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=26) (n=178) (n=500) P value CRTD group (n=444) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=28) (n=162) (n=254) P value QRS duration (ms)99.3 ± ± ± ± ± ±24.8NS LBBB4 (15.4)26 (14.6)37 (7.4)NS18 (64.3)100 (61.7)179 (70.4)0.09 Primary prevention15 (57.7)112 (62.9)354 (70.8) (89.3)140 (86.4)222 (87.4)NS Secondary prevention 11 (42.3)66 (37.1)146 (29.2)0.013 (10.7)22 (13.6)32 (12.6)NS

ICD group (n=704 ) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=26) (n=178) (n=500) P value CRTD group (n=444) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=28) (n=162) (n=254) P value Death Cardiac sudden Cardiac non-sudden Non Cardiac 7 (26.7) (5.1) (3.4) 3 11 < (7.1) (8.6) (3.1) VT/VF or Death9 (34.6)25 (14.1)52 (10.5)< (14.3)19 (11.9)25 (9.8)0.68 HF or Death10 (38.5)27 (15.3)47 (9.5)< (14.3)29 (18.1)33 (13.0)0.36 Total Hospitalization10 (52.6)53 (32.3)113 (24.2) (28.0)46 (32.2)67 (27.7) st appropriate therapy (shock or ATP) 2 (11.1)16 (9.5)35 (7.4)0.602 (7.7)5 (3.4)17 (7.0) st inappropriate therapy (shock) 0 (0)4 (25.0)7 (20.0)0.700 (0)5 (1.2) 0.48 Clinical outcomes

Primary outcome All patients (n=1148)

Primary outcome (n=704) (n=444)

Advanced CKD and Outcomes Multivariate analysis (adjusted for age, gender, NYHA, EF<30%, diabetes mellitus, secondary prevention, eGFR<30): P value HR (95% CI) ( ) Death ( ) Death or HF ( ) Death or VT/VF CRTD patients ICD patients P value HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) ( ) ( ) Death ( ) < ( ) Death or HF ( ) ( ) Death or VT/VF

Change in renal function P=0.03 P=0.06 P=0.17

Discussion CKD is associated with increased mortality, heart failure and ventricular arrhythmia in patients who undergo device therapy for HF. This is mainly driven by poor outcome of ICD patients with CKD. However, mortality rate of CRTD patients was similar regardless of renal function.

Discussion Patients who are candidates for CRTD should not be denied this therapy because of advanced CKD. Patients who are candidates for CRTD should not be denied this therapy because of advanced CKD. The discrepancy between the effect of CKD in patients with regular ICDs vs. patients with CRTDs may point to the importance of the CRT component rather than the ICD component of the CRTD system. The discrepancy between the effect of CKD in patients with regular ICDs vs. patients with CRTDs may point to the importance of the CRT component rather than the ICD component of the CRTD system.

Limitations A retrospective analysis. A retrospective analysis. Renal function was measured in different laboratories. Renal function was measured in different laboratories. Echocardiographic data during follow-up were not assessed. Echocardiographic data during follow-up were not assessed.

Conclusion CKD is associated with increased mortality after ICD implantation but not after CRTD within the first year of implantation. CKD is associated with increased mortality after ICD implantation but not after CRTD within the first year of implantation. Advanced CKD should not be considered a reason for exclusion from CRTD implantation.

Thank you

ICD group (n=704 ) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=26) (n=178) (n=500) P value CRT group (n=444) eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²) 60 (n=28) (n=162) (n=254) P value Death7 (26.7)9 (5.1)17 (3.4)< (7.1)14 (8.6)8 (3.1) 0.06 VT/VF or Death9 (34.6)25 (14.1)52 (10.5)< (14.3)19 (11.9)25 (9.8)0.68 HF or Death10 (38.5)27 (15.3)47 (9.5)< (14.3)29 (18.1)33 (13.0)0.36 Total Hospitalization 10 (52.6)53 (32.3)113 (24.2) (28.0)46 (32.2)67 (27.7)0.64 HF Hospitalization3 (30.0)18 (34.0)30 (26.5)0.612 (28.6)15 (32.6)25 (37.9)0.79 Device related Hospitalization 0 (0)5 (9.4)10 (8.8)0.610 (0)4 (8.9)11 (17.2)0.26 Arrhythmia Hospitalization 0 (0)8 (15.1)22 (19.5)0.270 (0)7 (15.2)12 (18.5) st appropriate therapy (shock or ATP) 2 (11.1)16 (9.5)35 (7.4)0.602 (7.7)5 (3.4)17 (7.0) st inappropriate therapy (ATP or Shock) 0 (0)4 (25.0)7 (20.0)0.700 (0)5 (1.2) 0.48