US History Chapter 12 Section 2

Cultures Davy Crockett – Former Tennessee native known for his sense of humor ◦Lost his seat in Congress, and moved to Texas ◦Actions in Texas would bring him more fame ◦Adams-Onis Treaty – set the boundary for Texas and the United States to the South Tejanos – Mexicans who claimed Texas as their home Empresarios – people who obtained land grants from the government to recruit settlers Moses Austin – miner who received a land grant ◦Stephen F. Austin – Moses’ son, gained a land grant from the independent Mexican government ◦Old Three Hundred – Austin recruited 300 men to settle with him

More Cultures=Tension Americans outnumbered Mexicans in Texas ◦Decree – official order ◦Mexican government stopped all immigration from the United States and placed a tariff on American goods General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna – became president of Mexico in 1833 ◦Agreed to remove American immigration stop, but would not allow Texas to become a separate state ◦Austin sent a letter to call American Texans to fight for independence (it was intercepted) ◦Santa Anna reorganized himself as dictator

Free Mexico Gonzales – city where revolutionaries and Santa Anna’s troops met ◦Considered the first battle for independence ◦Texans called for volunteers (Davy Crockett) San Antonio – important Texan victory site ◦Many left the city thinking that they had won the war ◦Santa Anna arrived again and found a lonely fort, called the Alamo ◦With a limited number, the commander was adamant to hold the position ◦Only a few servants survived the Mexican attack (Davy Crockett and many Americans died) After this battle, Tejanos and American settlers declare independence from Mexico for the Republic of Texas ◦Sam Houston – named the commander in chief of the army (former governor of Tennessee) ◦Goliad – Houston asked the people to abandon the fort  Mexican army overwhelmed them, and the fight became known as the “Goliad Massacre”

Independence and Republic San Jacinto – Houston’s surprise attack against the Mexican forces, chanted “Remember the Alamo” ◦Santa Anna signed a treaty after this embarrassing defeat Texas elected Sam Houston as president and Mirabeau Lamar as vice-president ◦Annex – take control ◦Andrew Jackson refused, so Texas remained an independent country Fighting continued between Mexico and Texas, and many still hoped for annexation ◦John Tyler – supported annexation; but, Congress was divided and did not ratify the treaty James K. Polk favored the annexation, so Texas became a state in 1845

Section 2-23 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Checking for Understanding __ 1.a person who arranged for the settlement of land in Texas during the 1800s __ 2.a Mexican who claims Texas as his home __ 3.to add a territory to one’s own territory __ 4.an order given by one in authority A.Tejano B.empresario C.decree D.annex Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. B A D C