Tobacco What is tobacco? Smoking tobacco vs. Smokeless Tobacco Effects of smoking on the body Effects of smoking on non-smokers Smoking and Pregnancy

Tobacco, a large-leafed plant, is processed into… CIGARETTES CIGARS PIPE TOBACCO BIDIS CHEWING TOBACCO

SMOKING TOBACCO –Nicotine: a stimulant that raises the heart rate and blood pressure –Tar: a black, sticky fluid which destroys cilia in the respiratory tracts leaving the smoker open to infection. –Carbon Monoxide: a colorless, odorless gas that passes through the lungs and into the bloodstream. This prevents the body from adequately carrying oxygen.

Personal Appearance Stained teeth and fingers Skin wrinkles – “leather” Smelly hair and clothes Cracked lips Mouth sores Inflamed gums

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/MOUTH Upset stomach Bad breath Dulled taste buds Tooth decay Cancer of the mouth, throat, gums Tooth disease Stomach ulcers Bladder cancer

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Increased heart rate Reduced energy Weakened and narrowed blood vessels Increased cholesterol levels Clogged blood vessels Reduced O2 flow to the heart Greater risk of heart disease or stroke

Arteriosclerosis: nicotine contributes to the build up of fatty deposits on artery walls. This risk of the sudden death from heart attack is 3 times greater for smokers than non-smokers.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Shortness of breath Reduced energy Coughing/more phlegm (mucus) More frequent colds and flu Bronchitis and other serious respiratory illnesses Increased risk of lung cancer, emphysema, and other lung diseases

Emphysema: air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) loose elasticity and less oxygen can be absorbed = more breaths are required. You usually use 5% of your energy to breathe; people with emphysema use 80% of their energy to breathe.

LUNG CANCER the leading cause of cancer death among males; 2nd leading cause of cancer death for females. Cancer cells begin growing in the irritated lining of the bronchi where cilia have been destroyed and mucous builds up. It spreads from here into the lung tissue.

BRAIN and NERVOUS SYSTEM Changes in brain chemistry Withdrawal symptoms after stopping use Increased heart rate and blood pressure Increased risk of stroke

WORD BANK Smokeless Tobacco carbon monoxide lip inhaling smoke into their lungs esophagus tar cancers

EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON NON-SMOKERS Secondhand smoke: air contaminated by tobacco smoke Sidestream smoke Mainstream smoke Passive smokers: people who breathe secondhand smoke

WORD BANK Smoking and Pregnancy miscarriage lung death bloodstream oxygen heart

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