Synesthesia And The Temporal Lobe Of The Cerebral Cortex Caroline Hsiao

Need Less than 1% of the total population experience the daily neurological experience of Synesthesia. Less than 1% of the total population experience the daily neurological experience of Synesthesia. Less than 10% of the total population know about synesthesia. Less than 10% of the total population know about synesthesia. Synesthesia may tell us about consciousness, the nature of reality, and the relationship between reason and emotion. Synesthesia may tell us about consciousness, the nature of reality, and the relationship between reason and emotion.

Knowledge Base The temporal lobe controls visionhttp://research.yale.edu/ysm/article.jsp?articleID=83

Knowledge Base Graphemes sensory area Color sensory area Temporal Lobe

Knowledge Base s/major/stroke/specific_nps_stroke.asp d-time-travel.html Temporal Lobe

Knowledge Base Someone with Grapheme → color synesthesia may see similar to this.

Literature Review J. A. Nunn, L. J. Gregory M. Brammer, S. C. R. Williams, D. M. Parslow, M. J. Morgan, R. G. Morris, E. T. Bullmore, S. Baron- Cohen and J. A. J. A. Nunn, L. J. Gregory M. Brammer, S. C. R. Williams, D. M. Parslow, M. J. Morgan, R. G. Morris, E. T. Bullmore, S. Baron- Cohen and J. A. Used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), to locate the region activated by speech in synesthetes to area V4/V8 in the left hemisphere, and demonstrate overlap with V4/V8 activation in normal controls in response to color. Used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), to locate the region activated by speech in synesthetes to area V4/V8 in the left hemisphere, and demonstrate overlap with V4/V8 activation in normal controls in response to color. No activity was detected in areas V1 or V2, suggesting that activity in primary visual cortex is not necessary for such experience. No activity was detected in areas V1 or V2, suggesting that activity in primary visual cortex is not necessary for such experience.

Literature Review Palmeri Thomas J., Blake Randolph, Marois Rene´, Flanery Marci A., and Whetsell William, Jr. Palmeri Thomas J., Blake Randolph, Marois Rene´, Flanery Marci A., and Whetsell William, Jr. subject, in contrast to non-synesthetic subjects, accomplished task with relative ease subject, in contrast to non-synesthetic subjects, accomplished task with relative ease the target of the search had a different synesthetic color from distracters. the target of the search had a different synesthetic color from distracters. synesthetic experiences appear to originate from a binding of color and form that takes place within central stages of visual processing. synesthetic experiences appear to originate from a binding of color and form that takes place within central stages of visual processing.

Bibliography Abdullah Mansur G., Synesthesia, May , Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 457, pgs 1-3 Abdullah Mansur G., Synesthesia, May , Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 457, pgs 1-3 Andreoli Thomas E, Essentials of Medicine, September , W.B. Saunders Company, volume 3, pgs Andreoli Thomas E, Essentials of Medicine, September , W.B. Saunders Company, volume 3, pgs Baron-Cohen, S., Wyke, M. & Binnie, C. Hearing words and seeing colors: an experimental investigation of a case of synesthesia. Perception 16, 761–767 (1987). Baron-Cohen, S., Wyke, M. & Binnie, C. Hearing words and seeing colors: an experimental investigation of a case of synesthesia. Perception 16, 761–767 (1987). Bullmore, E. T. et al. Methods for diagnosis and treatment of stimulus correlated motion in generic brain activation studies using fMRI. (1999) Hum. Brain Mapp. volume 7, pgs 38–48 Bullmore, E. T. et al. Methods for diagnosis and treatment of stimulus correlated motion in generic brain activation studies using fMRI. (1999) Hum. Brain Mapp. volume 7, pgs 38–48 Cytowic Richard E., Synesthesia: A Union of the Senses, July , volume 1, pgs Cytowic Richard E., Synesthesia: A Union of the Senses, July , volume 1, pgs Cytowic Richard E. Synesthesia: Phenomenology And Neuropsychology: A Review of Current Knowledge, July 1995, volume 1, pgs 1-18 Cytowic Richard E. Synesthesia: Phenomenology And Neuropsychology: A Review of Current Knowledge, July 1995, volume 1, pgs 1-18 Cytowic, R.E. & Wood, F.B. (1982a) Synesthesia I: A review of major theories and their brain basis. Brain and Cognition volume 1 pgs Cytowic, R.E. & Wood, F.B. (1982b) Synesthesia II: Psychophysical relationships in the synesthesia of geometrically shaped taste and colored hearing. Brain and Cognition, volume 1 pgs, Cytowic, R.E. & Wood, F.B. (1982a) Synesthesia I: A review of major theories and their brain basis. Brain and Cognition volume 1 pgs Cytowic, R.E. & Wood, F.B. (1982b) Synesthesia II: Psychophysical relationships in the synesthesia of geometrically shaped taste and colored hearing. Brain and Cognition, volume 1 pgs, Hoch Daniel B., Temporal lobe seizure, Medical Encyclopedia, 6/11/2008, MedlinePlus, Harvard Medical School, volume 1, pgs 1-2 Hoch Daniel B., Temporal lobe seizure, Medical Encyclopedia, 6/11/2008, MedlinePlus, Harvard Medical School, volume 1, pgs 1-2 Holmes Gregory L, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, 10/21/06, Epilepsy.com retrieved may 5, volume 14, pgs 2-3 Holmes Gregory L, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, 10/21/06, Epilepsy.com retrieved may 5, volume 14, pgs 2-3 Ko David Y, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, May 8, 2006, University of Southern California Medical Center, volume 1, pgs 1-3 Ko David Y, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, May 8, 2006, University of Southern California Medical Center, volume 1, pgs 1-3 Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. February , Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology, volume 1, pgs Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. February , Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology, volume 1, pgs McCaffrey Patrick, CMSD 620 Neuroanatomy of Speech, Swallowing and Language, October CSU-Chico, volume 1, pgs McCaffrey Patrick, CMSD 620 Neuroanatomy of Speech, Swallowing and Language, October CSU-Chico, volume 1, pgs Molavi Diana Weedman, MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE (THE LIMBIC SYSTEM), Jan , Washington University School of Medicine, volume 1, pgs 1-4 Molavi Diana Weedman, MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE (THE LIMBIC SYSTEM), Jan , Washington University School of Medicine, volume 1, pgs 1-4 Osgood, C.E., Suci, G.J., & Tannenbaum, P.H. (1957) The Measurement of Meaning. Chicago: University of Illinois Press Osgood, C.E., Suci, G.J., & Tannenbaum, P.H. (1957) The Measurement of Meaning. Chicago: University of Illinois Press Paulesu, E. et al. The physiology of colored-hearing: a PET activation study of color–word synaesthesia. Brain 118, 661–676 (1995). Paulesu, E. et al. The physiology of colored-hearing: a PET activation study of color–word synaesthesia. Brain 118, 661–676 (1995). Read, D. (June ). Solving deductive-reasoning problems after unilateral temporal lobectomy. Brain and Language, volume 1, 12: Read, D. (June ). Solving deductive-reasoning problems after unilateral temporal lobectomy. Brain and Language, volume 1, 12: Cell Press (2009, February 6). Seeing Sounds Or Hearing Colors: Scientists Narrow Search For Genes Associated With Synesthesia. Science Daily. Retrieved May 3, 2009, from /releases/2009/02/ htm Cell Press (2009, February 6). Seeing Sounds Or Hearing Colors: Scientists Narrow Search For Genes Associated With Synesthesia. Science Daily. Retrieved May 3, 2009, from /releases/2009/02/ htm John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (September ). Explanation For Synesthesia? Area Deep Within Brain Plays A Role In Sensory Perception. Science Daily. Retrieved May 4, 2009, from /releases/2007/09/ htm John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (September ). Explanation For Synesthesia? Area Deep Within Brain Plays A Role In Sensory Perception. Science Daily. Retrieved May 4, 2009, from /releases/2007/09/ htm