THE HISTORY OF NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP) By: Ryan Lichtig

AI Background and Extra Information   AI was thought up many years ago with Greek Mythology  Aristotle invented syllogistic logic, the first deductive reasoning logic. Major premise: All men are mortal. Minor premise: All Greeks are men. Conclusion: All Greeks are mortal.  John McArthy ( ) 1956 coined the term “Artificial Intelligence” 1958 created the LISP programming language which is still in use today

AI Modern History  John McArthy 1956 coined the term “Artificial Intelligence” 1958 created the LISP programming language which is still in use today  Shakey SRI robot, Shakey, demonstrated combining locomotion, perception and problem solving  Deep Blue 1997, the first computer chess-playing system to beat a reigning world chess champion, Garry Kasparov.  DARPA award given to Stanford in 2005 driving autonomously for 131 miles along an unrehearsed desert trail  Watson Q/A system

What is NLP?  The understanding & generating text & speech  The use of computers to process written and spoken language for some practical, useful, purpose: to translate languages, to get information from the web on text data banks so as to answer questions, to carry on conversations with machines, so as to get advice about, say, pensions and so on.  The field of computer science devoted…enabling computers to use human languages both as input and as output

Uses of NLP  Chatbots  Information Retrieval (Google, Ask.com, etc..)  Q/A on a broad scale  Information Extraction

Some Questions for Research  Questions  How has NLP research changed over the years?  What milestones have occurred in the field of research?  What projects are currently being worked on?  How can NLP be broken down?  What languages are being used?  Why is LISP so popular?

End Goals  To acquire a thorough understanding of NLP and LISP  To complete some sort of project using LISP

People I plan to talk to  SRI  Vinay Chaudhri  David Israel  Computer History Museum  + others.

Sources   “I’M SORRY DAVE, I’M AFRAID I CAN’T DO THAT”: LINGUISTICS, STATISTICS, AND NATURAL- LANGUAGE PROCESSING CIRCA 2001   AAAI is the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence