Hamlet William Shakespeare.

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Presentation transcript:

Hamlet William Shakespeare

History Written 1599-1601 First performed in 1603 Inside a series of comedies in the last decade of the transition years between 1500 and 1600s. Midsummer Night’s Dream - 1595 Merchant of Venice - 1596 Much Ado About Nothing - 1598 As You Like It - 1599 Twelfth Night - 1601 Also came on the tail of his first major forays into tragedy with historical/political themes. Julius Caesar - 1599 Henry IV Parts I and II - 1596/1597 Henry V - 1599 First performed in 1603

Sources? Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus wrote the story of Amleth, Prince of Denmark, in the late 1100s. Ur-Hamlet in England, a decade before Shakespeare's Hamlet. Ur is German for primordial Vague references made to it in playbills and other documents from the time. No known written copies or evidence. Shakespeare famous for his hit song “I’m bringing Saxo back.”

Setting Denmark

Characters Hamlet Prince of Denmark Student at University of Wittenburg A well respected school at the time, also the alma mater of Dr. Faustus. Indecisive Prone to violence Brooding

Laertes (LAY-air-TEES) Claudius Polonius The new King of Denmark. After his brother (Hamlet’s father) died, Claudius married his then-sister-in-law. Scheming, murderous, wiling to do whatever it takes for power. Slow-witted, long-winded. The head of the royal court. Father to Ophelia and Laertes. Laertes (LAY-air-TEES) Also a student Over-protective brother of Ophelia Meant to be compared to Hamlet

Up Next? Ooo… It’s the ladies…

Ophelia Gertrude Sweet, innocent and beautiful. Long-time love interest of Hamlet. Used by her father, brother and Claudius. Mother of Hamlet, Queen of Denmark Not the best mother, for a few reasons. Not, I repeat, NOT a strumpet. Kind of a strumpet, at least to Hamlet

Supporting Cast Fortinbras (FOR-tin-BRAZ) Horatio King of Norway Close to Hamlet’s age. Son of Fortinbras, who was killed by Hamlet Sr Hamlet killed Fortinbras, so now Fortinbras wants to kill Hamlet. Wants to avenge his father’s death Horatio Hamlet’s best friend and friend from University. Hamlet Sr. aka “The Ghost.” Urges Hamlet along a path of revenge.

The comic relief Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Friends of Hamlet that end up working against him. Stock characters Mercutio and Benvolio C3PO and R2D2 Timon and Pumbaa Jay and Silent Bob The Weasley twins

Themes Familial duty Action vs. Inaction Sanity The body as a metaphor for a nation.

Familial Duty Hamlet has a duty to his father’s memory. Gertrude has conflicting duties To her son To her dead husband To her new husband Ophelia has a duty to her father and brother Polonius has duty to his family and his king. Laertes has a duty to his father and sister.

Action vs. Inaction Early in the play Hamlet is set on a course of revenge. Although he has several opportunities, he constantly waits for more and more evidence. He ponders revenge, suicide, love, life, death. Hamlet admires people like Laertes and Fortinbras who are able to act on their feelings and desires.

Sanity While not to the same degree as Othello, several people lose their minds in the course of the play. Or do they? Hamlet acts on the urges of a ghost. Or does he? Just as indecisiveness is a battle between planning and doing, we see a battle between sanity and insanity in both Hamlet and Ophelia. Again, the story lies in the middle ground.

The body as a metaphor for the nation As Hamlet and others get sicker (in the head) and actions become more depraved and dangerous, we see Denmark falling apart. And Fortinbras and the Norwegian Army wait in the wings…

Lasting Legacy To be, or not to be… Alas Poor Yorick, I knew him Horatio… Brooding heroes with inner demons Young men with kingdoms seeking to avenge their fathers’ deaths.