6/2 Aim: What do you need to know for the final? Do Now: Write 2 multiple choice questions with 4 possible answers that may be on exam next week
Mountain that run along the Pacific Coast
Sierra Nevada
Mountains farthest east near Atlantic Coast
Appalachian Mountains
Land surrounded by water on 3 sides
peninsula
Land that blocked settlement west
Rocky Mountains
- Holy wars between Christians and Muslims over the city of Jerusalem - one of the causes of the age of exploration (inspired Europeans to learn again…)
crusades
Early theory about how people arrived in North America during the Ice Age over the Bering sea
Land Bridge Theory
Seafaring people from Scandinavia believed to have reached the Americas before Columbus
Vikings
People who spread religion
missionaries
3 main reasons for exploration
God, gold and glory
Main reason Columbus explored “new world”
Sought all water route to Asia for spice trade
Exchange of foods, plants, animals and diseases after exploration
Columbian Exchange
Main reason people “settled” in the new world
Fertile land, more opportunities, better life
- 1 st act of democracy in the Americas - Agreement of 41 men on how to govern the Plymouth Colony
Mayflower Compact
People that worked in America for 5 – 7 yrs to pay people back for their help paying for their voyage to America
Indentured Servants
Colonies with small farms and fishing villages
New England Colonies
Colonies nicknamed “the breadbasket” colonies
Middle colonies
Colonies that focused on large plantations for its economy
Southern colonies
Founder of Connecticut
Thomas Hooker
Founder of Georgia
James Ogelthorpe
Founded Rhode Island and kicked out of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Roger Williams
Banished from the Mass. Bay Colony for criticizing the church and saying god spoke directly to her
Anne Hutchinson
War between Britain and France over the Ohio River Valley
French and Indian War
First plan to unite 13 colonies that failed…..by Benjamin Franklin
Albany Plan of Union
Treaty that ended the French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris (1763)
Reasons for heavy taxation of colonists
Debt from French and Indian War
Economic policy where colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country Raw materials sent to mother country in exchange for manufactured goods
mercantilism
British law-making body
Parliament
Main Argument of colonists
No taxation without representation
Colonists who supported independence from Britain
Patriots
Colonists who remained loyal to Britain during the American Revolution
Loyalists
Another name for British soldiers during the American Revolution
Redcoats
As a result of the victory at ______________, France and Spain helped the colonists during the American Revolution.
Battle of Saratoga
Standing armies during the Revolution
militias
Restricted trade among the colonists – they could only trade with England – England main market of goods
Navigation Acts
Created to give a monopoly to the British East India Company
Tea Act
Forbid colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains
Proclamation of 1763
Tax on everyday items
Townshend Acts
Groups that supported boycotts and violence of British to protest British laws
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
Search warrants to search for smuggled goods
Writs of Assistance
Tax on legal documents including newspapers
Stamp Act
List of complaints against King George III and justified reasons for independence
Declaration of Independence
Led to Intolerable Acts or Coercive Acts – Boston harbor was closed etc.
Boston Tea Party
First constitution
Articles of Conferation
Showed weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Shay’s Rebellion
Major weakness of the Articles of Confederation
States had more power than national government
Showed strength of national government
Whiskey Rebellion
Plan for large states to be represented in the federal legislature (Congress)
Virginia Plan
Plan for small states to be represented in the federal legislature (Congress)
New Jersey Plan
Compromise between small and large states
Great Compromise – created 2- house legislature (Congress)
Plan to include slaves in representation in a federal legislature
3/5 th ’s Compromise
System of electing a president
Electoral College
Executive, Legislative and Judicial
Separation of Powers
When the Supreme Court declares laws constitutional or not
Judicial Review
Name of supreme court case that supported Judicial Review
Marbury vs. Madison
Judicial Review is an example of……
Checks and balances
Wrote Neutrality Proclamation
George Washington
Purchased the Louisiana Territory and sent Louis and Clark to explore it….
Thomas Jefferson
Kidnapping of American sailors and forcing them to work on their ships
Impressment
Stopped trade with all nations
Embargo Act
Stopped trade with only Britain and France
Non-intercourse Act
A threat to all European powers to stay out of the western hemisphere or else…..
Monroe Doctrine
Period of strong nationalism and unity for nation after War of 1812
Era of Good Feeling
President of the “common man”
Andrew Jackson
Firing government workers and replacing them with your supporters
Spoils system
Canceling a law
Nullification or nullify
to break away from a country
secede
Nicknamed “corrupt bargain”
Election of 1824
Why the election of 1824 was called a “corrupt bargain”
Henry Clay dropped out of race and voted for Adams who made him his Secretary of State
Tax on imports
tariff
Reason people opposed annexing Texas
Texans used slave labor
What did the US buy after buying the Louisiana Territory?
Florida from Spain
Reason “Remember the Alamo” was an important saying….
It motivated Texans to fight hard for Texas independence
Belief that the US had a godly right to all the land from the Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean
Nickname for people participating in the California Gold Rush
49er’s
Admitted Maine into country as a free state and Missouri as a slave state
Missouri Compromise of 1820
Admitted California as a free state
Compromise of 1850
Repealed Missouri Compromise of 1820
Kansas Nebraska Act
- Supreme Court Case that allowed slavery in ALL territories - repealed Missouri Compromise and legalized Fugitive Slave Law
Dred Scott case
People who wanted slavery to end…. Ex. Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglas and John Brown
Abolitionists
Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Restricted African American freedoms during Reconstruction
Black Codes
Stopped African American from gaining rights under the 15 th Amendment
Literacy tests, poll taxes and Grandfather Clause
Set up laws in the South that supported segregation (separating races)
Jim Crow Laws
Group of people that conflicted with President Johnson and believed in immediate equality of races as well as punishing the former Confederate states after the Civil War
Radical Republicans