Architecture Roman builders developed the arch, vault and dome Pioneered the creative use of concrete Created immense interior spaces without inner supports
Architecture Basilica: An oblong building with semicircular apses on either end, high clerestory windows Used as a meeting place and widely imitated in medieval Christian churches.
Basilica Julia
Architecture Barrel Vault Deep arch forming a half- cylindrical roof
Barrel Vault
Architecture Groin Vault Two intersecting barrel vaults at the same height that form a right angle
Groin Vault
The Colosseum (70 A.D) Used Doric columns at base, Ionic in the middle and Corinthian above. Use of columns and arches allowed the Colosseum to rise to new heights
The Colosseum (70 A.D) Seated 50,000 spectators Once flooded to stage a navel reenactment by a cast of 3,000 So efficiently laid out that it inspired present-day stadium design
Colosseum
Colosseum at night
Roman Sculpture Roman sculpture was more literal than Greek Often kept wax death masks of ancestors that were factual molds of the deceased’s features
Pompeii Luxurious resort community that was covered with 18 feet of ash pumice This preserved the city until it was uncovered 1,700 years later
Pompeii Villas painted with realistic still lifes and landscapes, which they used as make-believe windows Intricate Mosaics made of colored stone, glass or shell
Fish Mosaic- Pompeii
Battle of Issus- Pompeii
Pre-Columbian Art was vitally important to tribal society Art objects were often thought to be magical and help ensure the tribe’s survival.
Crocodile God Hammered Gold Breast Plate
Mayan Vase
Wooden Grave Mapuche Effigies
Stone Inuit Carving (Vancouver)
Anasazi Pottery
Hupa Woven Basket
Mound Builders Native Americans have always been environmentalists Created burial mounds out of earth as a symbol of their harmony with nature. More than 10,000 exist in the Ohio Valley, there are mounds from Florida to Wisconsin.
Great Serpent Mound in Ohio
Early African Art Wooden masks were used in ritual performances Masks were intentionally unrealistic: When confronting a supernatural power the idea was for the performer’s identity to be completely concealed.
Dan people wooden mask
Ivory Belt Mask
Early African Art African Sculpture Rejected real-life appearance in favor of vertical forms, tubular shapes, and stretched out body parts derived from the cylindrical form of trees.
Couple from Dogon, Mali
Mother and Child from Dogon, Mali