Team Members: Gerald Frolich David Baroff Dickson Yuen Seth Drake Advisors: Gary Hill – EE Dr. David Stout – MAE Dr. Garrett – Principal Investigator

 Between the years of :  112 CubeSats have been launched ▪ 49 of the 54 1U CubeSats were university constructed (91%) ▪ 27 of the 34 failed CubeSat missions have been university led (80%)  Approximately 50% of all university based CubeSats fail to reach mission success, while less than 20% of Industry led CubeSats fail Swartwout, "The First One Hundred CubeSats”

 Why?  Discontinuity with regards to the sharing of knowledge  Insufficient pre-launch system- level testing  Amount of CubeSats being manifested is increasing rapidly  23 launched in 2012  80 in 2013 ▪ More launches than in the first 10 years combined  Many are coming from new schools  Little to no institutional experience  Common mistakes of past missions are repeated Swartwout, "The First One Hundred CubeSats”

NASA, “CubeSat Launch Initiative: 50 CubeSats from 50 States in 5 years”

 Education  Spacecraft Design Classes/Labs  Spacecraft Environment Interactions  System Integration & Environmental Testing  Launch Sets ▪ Launch Vehicles ▪ Fuel Type  Mission Sets ▪ Orbit ▪ Objective  Certification of University CubeSat Test Facilities

NASA, “NASA Announces University CubeSat Space Mission Candidates”

 First CubeSat designed to validate/calibrate environmental testing equipment  CalSat creates benchmark testing procedures to better reflect actual flight stresses and mission environmental interactions  Increase probability of universities participating in NASA’s CubeSat program to achieve mission success through improved pre-launch testing

Dosimeter Pressure Sensor Accelerometer / Shock Sensor Vibration / Temperature Sensor Motherboard

 2 Sets of Curriculum  Spacecraft Design  Building a CubeSat ▪ Structural Components (MAE) ▪ Electronic Components (EE)  Structure testing  Basic sensor suite testing  Spacecraft Environment Interactions  Environments and Interactions to be considered  Effect of such interactions on satellites  Methods of pre-launch testing  Advanced sensor suite testing  CalSat testing

 Education of space environment interactions  Labs to demonstrate concepts  Labs to test on CalSat  Examples of topics  Vacuum  Plasma Environment  Charging and Arcing  Material Outgassing and Contamination  Particle Environment and Space Debris  Radiation

 Standard Set – General Environmental Verification Standards (GEVS)  Set by NASA, last revised January 2014 TESTCalSat Sensor Random VibrationAccelerometer/Vibration sensor Sinusoidal VibrationAccelerometer/Vibration sensor ShockAccelerometer/Shock sensor Thermal Vacuum BakeoutThermal sensor/ Pressure sensor  This is not enough, CubeSats are still failing after launch  Pre-launch testing is not thorough enough  Additional environmental interactions for CubeSat testing (e.g. radiation, electro-magnetic flux, etc.)

CalSat Launch/Mission Sets Launch & Mission Sets Basic Standards Mission Specific Standards Universities Industry CalSat

Launch YearRocket nameFuel type 2006Dnepr-ILiquid Throughout 2007Minotaur ISolid Throughout 2007Dnepr-ILiquid Throughout 2008Falcon ILiquid Throughout 2009Minotaur ISolid Throughout 2010Minotaur IVSolid Throughout 2010Falcon 9Liquid Throughout 2011Taurus XLSolid Throughout 2011Delta IILiquid Stages w/ Solid Boosters 2012Atlas VLiquid Stages w/ Solid Boosters 2012VegaSolid Throughout 2013Minotaur ISolid Throughout 2013Atlas VLiquid Stages w/ Solid Boosters 2014Dnepr-ILiquid Throughout 2014Falcon 9Liquid Throughout  Compile a database with a set of standards specific to different types of rockets and fuel types  Launch Tests

 Compile a database, given a set of standards, specific to different types of missions  Orbit ▪ LEO / ISS ▪ GEO ▪ Lunar ▪ Inner Solar System  Mission Objective ▪ What is being measured ▪ Duration of mission  Mission Tests CalSat Launch/Mission Sets

 CSULB:  Survey of CubeSat programs  Assist with building of CalSat  Assist with creation of CalSat education program  JPL:  Define Environmental Tests and Interactions  CalSat development and creation  Expert knowledge for CalSat education program

 Swartwout, Michael. "The First One Hundred CubeSats: A Statistical Look." Journal of Small Satellites 2: JoSS Online. Web..  "CubeSat Launch Initiative: 50 CubeSats from 50 States in 5 Years." NASA. 31 July Web..  "NASA Announces University CubeSat Space Mission Candidates." NASA. 6 Feb Web..  "Launch Services Program: Program Level Dispenser and CubeSat Requirements Document." NASA. 30 Jan Web..  "Past Launches." CubeSat.org. Web..  Hastings, Daniel, and Henry Garrett. Spacecraft-Environment Interactions. New York City: Cambridge UP, Print.  Stumbo, Matthew, and Jason Rapp. "Vacuum Chamber Basics Technical Memo." California Polytechnic State University, 17 Jan Web..  Stumbo, Matthew, and Leila Tebyani. "Radiation in the Space Environment Analysis." California Polytechnic State University, 1 Jan Web..