Part 2: System of Government (Four Part Series on Indian Polity) By Arpit Ludhiyani (Guest Speaker) & Satyadhar Joshi

Contents 1. Administrative Structure of India 2. Parliamentary System 3. Federal System 4. Centre-State Relations 5. Inter-state Relations 6. Emergency Provision 7. Special Status of Jammu & Kashmir

Outstanding Features of this Series Series of Classes during 7-30 March 2011 Class1: Introduction to Constitutional Framework Class 2: System of Government Class 3: Central, State & Local governments Class 4: Constitutional & non-constitutional bodies together with other dimensions of the constitution. Total of 8 Hours Series covering the entire Course of Indian Polity with 2 hour classes each

Other Series (for UPSC Prel. & Mains) Indian Economics Geography History General Awareness

Special Aspects of This Class! Use of Vocabulary (Understanding the Roman, Greek Latin words with their story and roots) Use of Common Sense (why we are studying?) Use of overall history and political hints (to get more links and threads) Minimum Memorization to learn things Use of Important Facts Use of Historical Background to understand the present scenario Adding the global factor

Earlier class conducted on Indian Polity Part 1: Constitutional Framework 1. Historical Background 2. Making of Constitution 3. Salient Features of Constitution 4. Preamble of Constitution 5. Union and its Territories 6. Citizenship 7. Fundamental Right 8. Directive Principle of State Policy 9. Fundamental Duties 10. Amendment of Constitution

GOOD GOVERNANCE ACCOUNTABLETRANSPARENTRESPONSIVE EQUITABLE & INCLUSIVE EFFECTIVE & EFFICIENT RULE OF LAW PEOPLES’ PARTICIPATION CONSESUS ORIENTED What is Good Governance?

Parliamentary System Features of Parliamentary Government 1. Majority Party Rule 2. Leadership of Prime-Minister Merits of the Parliamentary System De-merits Reasons to adapt Parliamentary System

Features of Parliamentary Government Collective responsibility Political Homogeneity (generally ministers are of the same party) Double Membership (Legislative & Executive) Dissolution of lower house

President Vice President Prime Minister Council of Ministers Minister Secretary Additional Secretary Joint Secretary Minister Administrative structure at the Centre Rashtrapati Bhavan

Federal features of Indian Constitution Dual polity Written Constitution Division of Powers Supremacy of the Constitution Rigid Constitution Independent Judiciary Bicameralism

Unitary Features of the Constitution Strong Centre States not Indestructible Single Constitution Flexibility of Constitution Emergency Provision Single Citizenship Appointment of Governor Veto over State bills

Governor Chief Minister Council of Ministers Minister Secretary Additional Secretary Joint Secretary Minister Administrative structure in States

Centre State Relation Legislative Relations 1. Territorial extent of centre and state legislature 2. Distribution of legislative subjects 3. Parliamentary legislation in the state field Administrative Relations 1. Distribution of executive powers 2. Obligation of states and centre 3. Centre’s direction to the state Financial Relations Trends in Centre State Relations

Till 1967 the centre state relation were by and large smooth due to one party rule at both centre and state. But with non congress governments at states these relation changed Tension areas: Mode of appointment of governor, imposition of President rule for partisan interest, Discrimination in financial allocations to the states, encroachment by the centre on the state list

Inter-state Relations Inter-state Water Disputes Inter-state councils Inter-state trade and commerce

Zonal Councils

Emergency Provision National Emergency 1. Grounds of Declaration 2. Parliamentary Approval and duration 3. Effect of National emergency Presidents Rule 1. Grounds of Declaration 2. Parliamentary Approval and duration 3. Effect of Presidents rule Financial Emergency 1. Grounds of Declaration 2. Parliamentary Approval and duration 3. Effect of Financial emergency

Special Status of Jammu & Kashmir Ascension of J&K to India Article 370 Present Relation between J&K and centre Features of J&K Constitution

Article 370 Article 370 Article 370

Coming in Class 3 ! (Central, State & Local governments) 1. Central Government 2. State Government 3. Local Government 4. Union Territories and Special Areas

Coming in Class 4 ! (Constitutional & non-constitutional bodies) 1. Constitutional Bodies 2. Non-constitutional bodies 3. Other Constitutional dimensions 4. Political Dynamics

Text Textbook: Indian Polity by M Laxmikanth

THANK YOU Jai Hind