Politics of the 1780s: Creating a New Government Articles of Confederation (1778-1789) Strengths: What problems did it solve? Weaknesses: What problems did its structure create?

The Constitution Submitted to states in 1787 Ratified in 1788 Established Government in 1789 Statement: The Constitution was the result of a series of compromises that created a government acceptable to large and small states, as well as to free and slave states. What evidence supports this claim?

“Bundle of Compromises” How to make big & small states happy? The Great Compromise How to avoid federal tyranny? Separation of powers w/ “Checks & balances” How to deal with the divisive issue of slavery? 3/5ths Compromise & Slave Trade Ban How to convince states rights critics to ratify the Constitution? Bill of Rights

Historiography What is historiography? Why do historians sometimes disagree on the interpretation of a historical event? What are some variables that might affect historians’ perspectives?

Prompt Assess the validity of the assertion that the Constitution of 1787 was designed primarily to protect the interests of the wealthy class.

The Federalist Era: 1788-1800 Rise of Political Factions & Political Parties Interpretation of elastic or “necessary & proper” clause divides early political factions What were the main concerns/fears held by Federalists & Anti-Federalists (Republicans)?

Anti-Feds/ Democratic-Republicans (Jefferson) States’ Rights Rural/Agr. Interests “Common man” Pro-French Mainly South & West “Strict Constructionist” Federalists (Hamilton, Adams) Nationalists Urban Business/Social Elite Pro-British Mainly Northern “Loose Constructionist”

Presidency of George Washington Personal Conduct/Modesty Creates Cabinet Neutrality Proclamations 2 Terms Farewell Address—Warns of Foreign Entanglements & Political Factions Invention of George Washington “First in War, First in Peace, First in the Hearts of His Countrymen”

Hamilton’s Economic Policies Proposals Assume state debts Establish income (tariff, land sales) Regulate currency & banking (Bank of US) Carry a national debt Results Polarized political parties Improved US credit abroad BUS approved (20 years) Whiskey Rebellion

Presidency of Thomas Jefferson: 1801-1809 “Jeffersonian” Democracy Role of yeoman farmer in republic States’ rights must be protected Freedom of speech is essential Scope of federal government should be reduced

Louisiana Purchase, 1803 Largest territorial acquisition Connected to Jefferson’s agricultural hopes for America/ port of New Orleans Purchase violated Jefferson’ belief in strict constructionism Napoleon’s role

War of 1812 Causes Consequences British impressments Interference w/American commerce British aid to Native Americans on frontier Contributed to demise of federalist party Intensified nationalist feelings Promoted industrialization Advanced career of Andrew Jackson