Wednesday 20th November - COPY: Objective To understand how the cardiac cycle is brought about Starter: On the worksheet ‘The Cardiac Cycle’ write 2 sentences in each box using as many Biological keywords as you can - 5 mins Now underline or highlight your keywords and add them up

Outcomes Describe the stages in the Cardiac Cycle (E) Explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart (D) Explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle (C/B) Literacy - To be able to spell correctly, use, understand and describe the words systole, diastole, atrio ventricular etc. EXTENSION - Exam Questions

I can put the stages of the cardiac cycle in the correct sequence I can define systole and diastole I can explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle I can label an electrocardiograph diagram to show the heart valves opening and closing Highlight where you think you are at now A* A B C D E I can explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart I can label the main parts of the heart and describe the circulation of blood flow round the body Cardiac Cycle Progress Ladder /5

Using your text books write down definitions of the following 2 keywords Systole - Diastole - period of ventricular contraction period of ventricular relaxation NOTE: Normally diastole is longer than systole.

I can put the stages of the cardiac cycle in the correct sequence I can define systole and diastole I can explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle I can label an electrocardiograph diagram to show the heart valves opening and closing Highlight where you think you are at now A* A B C D E I can explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart I can label the main parts of the heart and describe the circulation of blood flow round the body Cardiac Cycle Progress Ladder /5

Card Sort Activity Put the cards in the correct order

I can put the stages of the cardiac cycle in the correct sequence I can define systole and diastole I can explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle I can label an electrocardiograph diagram to show the heart valves opening and closing Highlight where you think you are at now A* A B C D E I can explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart I can label the main parts of the heart and describe the circulation of blood flow round the body Cardiac Cycle Progress Ladder /5

Cardiac Cycle - General Principles Contraction of the myocardium generates pressure changes which result in the orderly movement of blood. Blood flows from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure, unless flow is blocked by a valve. Events on the right and left sides of the heart are the same, but pressures are lower on the right. the-Heart /

I can put the stages of the cardiac cycle in the correct sequence I can define systole and diastole I can explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle I can label an electrocardiograph diagram to show the heart valves opening and closing Highlight where you think you are at now A* A B C D E I can explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart I can label the main parts of the heart and describe the circulation of blood flow round the body Cardiac Cycle Progress Ladder /5

Atrial systole The heart is full of blood and the ventricles are relaxed Both the atria contract and blood passes down to the ventricles The atrio-ventricular valves open due to blood pressure 70% of the blood flows passively down to the ventricles so the atria do not have to contract a great amount.

Ventricular systole The atria relax. The ventricle walls contract, forcing the blood out The pressure of the blood forces the atrio-ventricular valves to shut (producing the heart sound ‘lub’) The pressure of blood opens the semi-lunar valves. Blood passes into the aorta and pulmonary arteries.

Diastole The ventricles relax Pressure in the ventricles falls below that in the arteries Blood under high pressure in the arteries causes the semi lunar valves to shut. This produces the second heart sound, ‘dub’. During diastole, all the muscle in the heart relaxes. Blood from the vena cava and pulmonary veins enter the atria. The whole cycle starts again.

Cardiac cycle - Match the letter on the graph to the following events Semi-lunar valves open Atrio-ventricular valves open Semi-lunar valves close Atrio-ventricular valves close,

I can put the stages of the cardiac cycle in the correct sequence I can define systole and diastole I can explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle I can label an electrocardiograph diagram to show the heart valves opening and closing Highlight where you think you are at now A* A B C D E I can explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart I can label the main parts of the heart and describe the circulation of blood flow round the body Cardiac Cycle Progress Ladder /5

Describing the stages of the cardiac cycle Now Complete the Cardiac Cycle worksheet again by describing each stage in each of the diagrams - using all the keywords you have learnt so far today.. Extension activities - Card sort Heart Matchmaker cards Now underline or highlight your keywords and add them up

I can put the stages of the cardiac cycle in the correct sequence I can define systole and diastole I can explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle I can label an electrocardiograph diagram to show the heart valves opening and closing Highlight where you think you are at now A* A B C D E I can explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart I can label the main parts of the heart and describe the circulation of blood flow round the body Cardiac Cycle Progress Ladder /5

Cardiac Cycle flip-chart Cut out the different stages in the cardiac cycle. Arrange the stages so that they are in the correct order. Staple the end of the pages together to create a flip book. Use this book to help you remember the cardiac cycle and to answer practice exam questions!

I can put the stages of the cardiac cycle in the correct sequence I can define systole and diastole I can explain how the pressures in the heart are related to the different stages in the cycle I can label an electrocardiograph diagram to show the heart valves opening and closing Highlight where you think you are at now A* A B C D E I can explain how valves control the flow of blood through the heart I can label the main parts of the heart and describe the circulation of blood flow round the body Cardiac Cycle Progress Ladder /5

References Glenn Toole, Susan Toole (2008). A2 Biology. Cheltenham: Nelson You Tube clips to watch /

Heart Glossary